Footnote 63: Footnote 64: Brit. Mus. Add. ch. 14,598, “pro notabili et laudabili seruicio ac bono consilio que predilectus consiliarius noster Ioh. Fastolff miles nobis impendit et impendet in futurum,” 12 May, 19 Hen. VI. The future service was no doubt to be rendered in the council-chamber rather than the field.
Footnote 65: “Thus endeth the boke of Tulle of olde age translated ont of latyn in to frenshe by laurence de primo facto...and enprynted by me symple persone William Caxton in to Englysshe...the xii day of August the yere of our lord m.cccc.lxxxi.”
Footnote 66: He was father of Sir John Paston, for whom a copy of “Othea” was written in 1469, as well as of John Paston the younger, who owned a copy somewhat later (see above, p. x).
Footnote 67: relations with his stepson are also illustrated by numerous documents in G. Poulett Scrope’s _History of Castle Combe_, where there are memoirs of both, as lords of that manor.
Footnote 68: Footnote 69: “Thorugh the wiche sale I tooke sekenesses that kept me a xiii. or xiiii. yere swyng, whereby I am disfigured in my persone and shall be Footnote 70: From some curious accounts dealing with meat and fish in 1427–8 (_ibid._ p. 266) he was perhaps in the commissariat service.
Footnote 71: Footnote 72: _Chroniques_, ed. W. Hardy, Rolls Series, vol. for 1422–31, p. 289.
Elsewhere (p. 254) he describes him as “moult sage et prudent aux armes au quel se fyoit grandement le duc de Bethfort, regent.”
Footnote 73: She was a second wife, but the name of the first, who bore him a daughter, is not known (_Hist. of Castle Combe_, p. 271).
Footnote 76: William Paston to John Paston: “He wyll dwelle at Caster, and Skrop Stephen Scrope” is mentioned in the inventory of Fastolf’s effects at Caister made after his death (_ibid._, i. p. 482).
Footnote 77: See below, p. xliii. The note (Roxburghe Club ed. p. 54) runs, “Notandum est quod Cristina [fuit] domina præclara natu et moribus et manebat in domo religiosarum dominarum apud Passye prope Parys; et ita virtuosa fuit quod ipsa exhibuit plures clericos studentes in vniuersitate Parisiensi, et compilare fecit plures libros virtuosos, utpote librum arborum bellorum, et doctores racione eorum exhibicionis attribuerunt nomen autoris Cristine, sed aliquando nomen autoris clerici studentis imponitur in diuersis libris; et vixit circa annum Christi 1430, sed floruit ab anno Christi 1400.”
Footnote 78: Footnote 79: In answer to an inquiry M. Omont, keeper of MSS., kindly states that only one of them, franç. 12,438, a poor copy on paper, contains a dedication to the Duke of Berry. It begins “Le Prologue. Louenge à Dieu soit...et après ensuivant à très noble fleur...et puis à vous excellant prince, saige, bon et vertueux, Jehan excellant, redoubté filz au roy de France...duc de Berry,” etc.
Footnote 80: The “Cent Balades d’Amant et de Dame” (_Œuvres Poétiques_, ed. Roy, iii. p. 209), besides ten others.
Footnote 81: Printed by Roy, i. p. xiv. The MS. is there described and compared with another rather earlier collection (now Bibl. Nat. franç. 835, 606, 836, 605), which the Duke of Berry bought from Christine for 200 crowns. A reduced facsimile of the first page of the Harley MS., with a large miniature of Christine presenting the volume to the queen in her bedchamber, is prefixed to Roy’s vol. iii. (_cf._ a note by P.
Meyer, p. xxii.). A coloured plate of the same miniature is given by Shaw, _Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ages_, 1843.
Footnote 82: Footnote 83: This is the only edition in the British Museum. Its second title runs: _Lepistre de Othea deesse de prudence enuoyee a lesperit cheualereux Hector de troye auec cent hystoires. Nouuellement imprimee a Paris._ Other editions are said to have been issued at Lyons in 1497 and 1519, and at Paris in 1522.
Footnote 84: Both date and age were given on his tomb at Bourges erected by Charles VII. in 1457 (Raynal, _Histoire du Berry_, 1844, ii. pp. 504, 513; Champeaux and Gauchery, _Les Travaux d’art executés pour Jean de Footnote 85: Ed. 1644, p. 238. Bouchet was born in 1476, and his work first appeared in 1524. I owe the reference to it to Mr. Wylie.
Footnote 86: Footnote 87: favourable view of his character is given by Guiffrey, _Inventaires_, p. cxci.
Footnote 88: “Now children of gramere scole conneþ no more Frensch þan can here lift heele...also gentil men habbeþ now moche yleft for to teche here childern Freynsch” (R. Morris, _Specimens of Early English_, 1867, p. 339). See also the Rolls Series edition of Higden, ii. p.
161, where Trevisa’s text is taken from another MS.
Footnote 89: See Chaucer’s Nonne Prestes tale, l. 14, “Of poynant saws hir needide never a deel.”
Footnote 90: See above, p. xxxvi. There is an imperfect copy of the English text in Footnote 91: H. R. Plomer, _Robert Wyer, printer and bookseller_, 1897. For an account of the woodcuts, see p. 9.
Footnote 92: “Here endyth thys Epistle, undre correccion, the xv. day of June, the yeere of Crist M^ciiii^clxxv.,” etc. (p. 85).
Footnote 93: Examples of his writing are fairly abundant, _e.g._ in the Brit. Mus.
MSS. Cotton Julius F. vii., Royal 13 C. i., Sloane 4 and Add.
account of Fastolf’s last illness.
Footnote 94: Stevenson, _Wars of the English in France_, vol. ii. pt. ii. pp.
[519]–[742], from Lambeth MS. 506, which is partly in Worcester’s own hand. His Annals, extending from 1324 to 1468, are printed in the same volume, p. [743], from the autograph MS. in the College of Arms.
Footnote 95: Footnote 96: Written about 1385 and dedicated to Charles VI. It was first printed at Lyons about 1480. See the modern edition by E. Nys, _L’Arbre de Footnote 97: The colophon of Caxton’s English version (above, p. xvi.) points to the source of the misnomer: “Thus endeth this boke whiche Xpyne of Pyse made and drewe out of the boke named Vegecius de re militari and out of tharbre of bataylles.” Christine in fact made use of Bonet’s work.
Footnote 98: “I may sey to you that William hath goon to scole to a Lumbard called Karoll Giles, to lern and to be red in poetre or els in Frensh; for he hath byn with the same Caroll every dey ii. tymes or iii. and hath bought divers boks of hym,” H. Wyndesore to J. Paston, 27th Aug. 1458 Footnote 99: Footnote 100: episcopo Wyntoniensi apud Asher librum Tullii de Senectute per me translatum in anglicis, sed nullum regardum recepi de episcopo.”
Footnote 101: For this dedication, addressed by the translator, Stephen Scrope, to his stepfather, Sir John Fastolf, see the Introduction.
Footnote 102: _Sc._ worldly.
Footnote 103: _Sc._ old.
Footnote 104: So the MS., but John, Duke of Berry, was born 30th November, 1340, and died 15th June, 1416.
Footnote 105: The mythical Hermes Trismegistus. The citations from these and other less well known philosophers were taken by Christine de Pisan from Guillaume de Tignonville’s “Les dis moraulx des Philosophes,” which Scrope himself translated into English (see Introduction). “Salomon” here represents the “Salon” or “Zalon,” _sc._ Solon, of the original.
Footnote 106: _Sc._ thee, which is spelt “the” throughout.
Footnote 107: This parentage is explained further on, pp. 22, 24.
Footnote 108: _Sc._ Heir; Feyre MS.; Hoir, H.
Footnote 109: Affin que ton bon cuer sadrece, H. The translator no doubt read “tout bon cœur.”
Footnote 110: Qui de tous vaillans est ame, H. Pegasus is explained below (p. 15) as meaning “a goode name, the which flyeth through the eyre.”
Footnote 111: _Sc._ thee, whole and sum; me doit il de toy souuenir, H.
Footnote 112: Et que tu me vueilles bien croire, H.
Footnote 113: Sagesse de femme, H.
Footnote 114: Thas, MS.
Footnote 115: Greke, MS.; Troye la grant, H.
Footnote 116: La belle ieunece, H.
Footnote 117: Par les agais et assaulx, H.
Footnote 118: Beatitude, H.
Footnote 119: _Sc._ considering that.
Footnote 120: Kynges, MS.; toutes choses terrestres, H.
Footnote 121: Thesceyvable, MS., with “de” interlined.
Footnote 122: De Singularitate Clericorum, attributed to Cyprian and Origen as well as to St. Augustine (Migne, _Patrologia Latina_, iv. col. 835). The passage runs (col. 866): “Ubicumque fuerit providentia, frustrantur universa contraria; ubi autem providentia negligitur, omnia contraria dominantur.”
Footnote 123: Cesser et anientir, H.
Footnote 124: Prov. ii. 10, 11. This and other quotations from the Vulgate are supplied from the French text, being omitted by the translator, possibly with the intention of filling them in from the Wycliffite English version.
Footnote 125: De vaillance cheualereuse, H.
Footnote 126: Seur germaine, H.
Footnote 127: _Sc._ the leaf of a leek; Car selle nen faisoit le pois, Tout ne te vauldroit pas vn pois, H.
Footnote 128: Serour, H.
Footnote 129: Democritus, H.
Footnote 130: De limiter les choses, H.
Footnote 131: Ou liure des meurs de leglise, que loffice dattrempance est reffraindre et appaisier les meurs de concupiscence, H. The repetition of “meurs” caused the translator to omit some words. The reference is to the treatise “De moribus ecclesiæ catholicæ,” i. 19 (Migne, xxxii.
1326).
Footnote 132: 1 Pet. ii. 11.
Footnote 133: _Sc._ war, _cf._ next line; where, MS.
Footnote 134: Sur la mer de Grece, H.
Footnote 135: Maystyr, MS.; mestier, H.
Footnote 136: _Sc._ by Cerberus.
Footnote 137: Qui trop sont desloyaulx gaignons, H.
Footnote 138: See below, p. 41.
Footnote 139: _Sc._ on earth.
Footnote 140: Aux lyons ne aux ours rampans, H.
Footnote 141: _Sc._ allege, take example from; Et pour donner materiel exemple de force, allegue Hercules, H.
Footnote 142: _Sc._ high; by, MS; hault exemple, H.
Footnote 143: _Sc._ fought.
Footnote 144: A leaf is here missing from the MS.
Footnote 145: The complete “texte” in H. runs:— Encor se veulx estre des noz, Ressembler te couuient Minos, Tout soit il iusticier et maistres Denfer et de tous li estres.
Car se tu te veulx auancier, Estre te couuient iusticier, Autrement de porter heaume Nes digne ne tenir royaume.
Footnote 146: En Crete, H.
Footnote 147: Fierte, H.
Footnote 148: De adventu Domini Sermo iii. (Migne, clxxxiii. 45), but the passage is not literally translated.
Footnote 149: Sa non puissance, H.
Footnote 150: Chastisyng in chastisyng, MS.; garde et discipline, garde en le gardant de mal faire et discipline en le chastiant se il a mal fait, H.
Footnote 151: Prov. xxi. 12, 15.
Footnote 152: Apres te mire en Perseus, H., and so below; _cf._ Ovid, Met. iv., 610 sq.
Footnote 153: Belue, H.; monstre, Wyer.
Footnote 154: Chose couuenable, H.
Footnote 155: _Sc._ won; il acquist, H.
Footnote 156: _Sc._ should have; deuourer la deuoit, H.
Footnote 157: _Sc._ flyeth; qui vole, H.
Footnote 158: Many, MS.
Footnote 159: Omitted in MS.; le porte, H.
Footnote 160: Sermo ccclv., de vita et moribus clericorum (Migne, xxxix. 1569).
Footnote 161: A bien viure, H.
Footnote 162: Pour soy, H.; conscientia tibi, fama proximo tuo, S. Aug. The translator evidently read “foy.”
Footnote 163: Eccl. xli. 15.
Footnote 164: _Sc._ the planet Jupiter; Joyus, MS.; de iouis les condicions, H.
Footnote 165: Jābir ibn Aflah, an Arab astronomer of uncertain date, whose work on Astronomy was published in Latin, in nine books, at Nuremberg in 1534.
A 15th century MS. of it is in the British Museum, Harley MS. 625.
Footnote 166: Perhaps Nicholas of Lynne, a Carmelite who lived in the latter part of the 14th century, and whose astronomical tables were used by Chaucer in his “Astrolabe.” Among other works he wrote tracts “de natura Footnote 167: Et est figuree a la compleccion sanguine, H.
Footnote 168: _Sc._ Pythagoras.
Footnote 169: Doulce et humaine, H.
Footnote 170: A Nepocian, H. The passage does not appear to be among the works of St. Gregory, nor in St. Jerome’s epistle to Nepotianus.
Footnote 172: Traueilleux, H.
Footnote 173: _Sc._ Hermes Trismegistus.
Footnote 174: An unintelligible corruption; fist lange deuenir deable, H. and other Fr. MSS.; doth [make] the aungell to become a devyll, Wyer; superbia est per quam angelus cecidit, per quam Adam de naturæ suæ dignitate dejectus est, Cass. Exp. in Psalterium (Migne, lxx. 843).
Footnote 175: Tethe, MS.; la mort, H.
Footnote 176: _Sc._ vein; la veine, H.
Footnote 177: Ps. xxx. 7.
Footnote 178: _Sc._ drove; le desherita et chaca, H.
Footnote 179: _Sc._ ere; peser la chose ains quil donne, H.
Footnote 180: Ye, MS.
Footnote 181: _Sc._ note; peuent notter tous sages, H.
Footnote 182: Moralia, xxvii. 3 (Migne, lxxvi. 401).
Footnote 183: Ps. xviii. 10.
Footnote 184: No such work appears under the name of Cassiodorus.
Footnote 185: Esdras iii. 12.
Footnote 186: The translator, not Christine de Pisan, is responsible for making Phœbe masculine.
Footnote 187: Ep. ad Simplicianum (Migne, xvi. 1085).
Footnote 188: Ne se plunge point, H.; non tristibus mergitur, St. Ambr.
Footnote 189: Eccl. xxvii. 12.
Footnote 190: Folowynge, MS. There is some confusion here in the translation, _cf._ en ce monde et que le bon esperit par son exemple [pot bien] ensuiuir son bon pere Ihesu Crist et batailler contre les vices, H.
Footnote 191: Ephes. vi. 12.
Footnote 192: Soyes aourne de faconde, H. The translator seems to have misinterpreted “faconde,” eloquence, speech, as “falchion.”
Footnote 193: _Sc._ old; ce tapprendra Mercurius, H.
Footnote 194: Qui vont deuant, H.
Footnote 196: _Sc._ By thy mother enough shall be assigned to thee; te liurera assez ta mere, H. The MS. reads “modus,” and in the next line “bater” (amere, H.).
Footnote 197: Cuir-bouilli, leather boiled and moulded, while soft, into the required shape.
Footnote 198: No exposition of the Creed appears among the works of Cassiodorus.
Footnote 199: _Sc._ light; lumiere, H.
Footnote 200: Hebr. xi. 6.
Footnote 201: Sittyng, MS., and so also below.
Footnote 202: There seems to be some confusion here between Pallas the goddess and Pallas son of Lycaon and reputed founder of Pallantium, in Arcadia.
Footnote 203: ? join; il doit aiouster sagece a cheualerie, H.
Footnote 204: The whiche vertue, MS.
Footnote 205: Hebrews vi. 18.
Footnote 206: _Sc._ Penthesileia, queen of the Amazons.
Footnote 207: Dont si noble voix est semee, H.
Footnote 208: _Sic_, the first letter being of course the Fr. “d’.”
Footnote 209: Expos. in Ps. xii. (Migne, lxx. 100).
Footnote 210: Soubz la quelle [pluye] germe la bonne voulente, H.
Footnote 211: Inimicis benevola, bonis suis superans malos, Cass.
Footnote 212: 1 Corinth, xiii. 4.
Footnote 213: Narcissus, whose story is in Ovid, Met. iii. 341 sq.
Footnote 214: Se esleua en si grant orgueil, H.
Footnote 215: Cest a entendre loultrecuidance de lui meisme ou il se mira, H.
Footnote 216: Thi, MS.; est sa vie contenue, H. The translator seems to have read “toute nue.”
Footnote 217: Job xx. 6, 7.
Footnote 218: Wrongly translated. H. reads: Athamas plain de grant rage La deesse de forcennage Fist estrangler ces (_sc._ ses).ii. enfans.
Pour ce grant yre te deffens.
The story (Ovid, Met. iv. 420 sq.), which is introduced again further on (p. 112), is much confused here. It is briefly as follows. Athamas by command of Hera married the divine Nephele, and had by her Phrixus and Helle. He was, however, more enamoured of Ino, who bore to him Learchus and Melicertes. Nephele in her anger having returned to heaven, Ino tried to get rid of her rival’s children. For this purpose she caused a famine by roasting the seed-corn before it was sown, and then bribed the messengers whom Athamas sent to Delphi for an oracle to bring back word that Phrixus must be sacrificed. Nephele, however, carried off Phrixus and his sister on the ram with the golden fleece, while Athamas, driven mad by Hera, killed his son Learchus, and Ino threw herself into the sea with Melicertes.
Footnote 219: _Sc._ sodden; semer le ble cuit, H.
Footnote 220: Hys, MS.
Footnote 221: He, MS.
Footnote 222: Yno, MS.; la deesse iuno, H.
Footnote 223: A hole in the roof for the escape of smoke, here perhaps used for the hearth; le sueil, H.
Footnote 224: _Sic_, meaning apparently “warring”; but from the reading in H., “a pou ne se entretuoyent,” it is perhaps a mistake for “near-hand,” _sc._ nearly, almost.
Footnote 225: Quant la deesse virent tant espouentable, H.
Footnote 226: Sic ira corrumpit cor, si in alium diem duraverit, S. Aug. Epist. ccx.
(Migne, xxxiii. 958).
Footnote 227: Ephes. iv. 26.
Footnote 228: Aglauros or Agraulos, daughter of Cecrops. Hermes changed her into a stone for barring his access to her sister Herse (Ovid, Met. ii. 737 sq.).
Footnote 229: Dey, MS.; seche, H.
Footnote 230: _Sic_, probably for “too feloun a spotte”; trop est villeine tache et contre gentillece, H.
Footnote 231: De Genesi ad litteram, xi. 13 (Migne, xxxiv. 436).
Footnote 232: Eccl. xiv. 8, but the Vulg. has “lividi.”
Footnote 233: No, MS.; ne soyes pas lonc ne prolice, H.
Footnote 234: For, MS.
Footnote 235: _Sc._ the eye of Polyphemus.
Footnote 236: Bedeisus, MS.; no doubt a corruption of “_Bede sur_ les Prouerbes,” H.
The reference is apparently to Bede’s Expositio super Parabolas, ii.
20 (Migne, xci. 995).
Footnote 237: Prov. xxi. 5.
Footnote 238: _Sc._ frogs. This story of Latona is from Ovid, Met. vi. 313 sq.
Footnote 239: Cuidoit, H.
Footnote 240: Palu, H; maresse, Wyer.
Footnote 241: Perhaps in error for St. Bernard, Liber de modo bene vivendi, xliv.
(Migne, clxxxiv. 1266).
Footnote 242: Eccl. xiv. 9.
Footnote 243: _Sc._ manners; car ses condicions sont ordes, H.
Footnote 244: _Sc._ Hippocrates, whose “dictum” was that “sanitas consistit...non in replendo corpus cibis et potibus” (Add. MS. 16,906, f. 11).
Footnote 245: Moralia, xxx. 18 (Migne, lxxvi. 556).
Footnote 246: Philipp, iii. 19.
Footnote 247: The scene of the story was in Cyprus. Cidonie (Cydonie, H.) apparently comes from a misunderstanding of Ovid, who says of Pygmalion, “Collocat hanc stratis concha Sidonide tinctis” (Met. x. 267).
Footnote 248: En ot pitie. H.
Footnote 249: Omitted in MS.; plusieurs, H.
Footnote 250: Que il en lait a suiure, H.; leue to ensue, Wyer.
Footnote 251: Apthalin, H.; but it is doubtful who is meant. The name occurs in the “Dicta Philosophorum,” but not with this “dictum.”
Footnote 252: 2 Pet. ii. 13.
Footnote 253: The assignment of a particular clause in the Creed to each of the Apostles appears in a sermon printed among the spurious works of St.
Augustine (Migne, xxxix. 2190).
Footnote 254: To, MS.
Footnote 255: _Sc._ to plough.
Footnote 256: Car deuant semoient les gainages sans labourer, H. “Gaineyer” is for Footnote 257: Lawde, MS.; ainsi que la terre est abandonnee et large donnarresse, H.
Footnote 258: Qui tant nous a largement donne de ses haulx biens, H.
Footnote 259: Isis, in her original character as wife of Osiris and inventor of the cultivation of corn.
Footnote 260: Toutes vertus antes et plantes En toy, comme Ysis fait les plantes Et tous les grains fructifier; Ainsi dois tu ediffier.
So H., where “antes,” _sc._ antez, entez, is from “enter, placer, faire entrer” (Godefroy, _s.v._).
Footnote 261: _Sc._ Hermes.
Footnote 262: What, MS.
Footnote 263: Vn roy, H.
Footnote 264: Oan, MS., and so below.
Footnote 265: Pastours, H.
Footnote 266: _Sc._ mole; comme la tauppe, H.
Footnote 267: Lierres, _sc._ larron, H.
Footnote 268: And nede, MS.; au besoing, H.
Footnote 269: _Sc._ Theseus and Peirithous, who invaded the lower world in order to carry off Persephone.
Footnote 270: There is some confusion in this passage; se Hercules, qui leur compaignon yere, ne les eust secourus, qui tant y fist, _etc._, H.
Footnote 271: _Sc._ chains; chayennes, H.
Footnote 272: _Sc._ Cadmus, who founded Thebes and slew the dragon which guarded the neighbouring well of Ares, and who also invented letters.
Footnote 273: _Sc._ won; gaigna, H.
Footnote 274: Lestude y mist, H.
Footnote 275: Plus quen nulle autre auoir, H.
Footnote 276: Et du bien largement y prendre, H. The strange word “theryng” is probably nothing more than “therein.”
Footnote 277: See Ovid, Met. i. 583 sq. The source of the statement that Io invented letters is doubtful. Possibly it rests only on the two lines (_ib._ 649): Littera pro verbis quam pes in pulvere duxit Corporis indicium mutati triste peregit.
Footnote 278: Les vertus de iupiter, H.
Footnote 279: Tho, MS.
Footnote 280: _Sc._ note.
Footnote 281: _Sc._ cloud; en vne nue, H.
Footnote 282: _Sc._ with; surprendre ou fait, H.
Footnote 283: _Sc._ watched; la gaitoit, H.
Footnote 284: _Sc._ through.
Footnote 285: _Sc._ Pyrrhus.
Footnote 286: Which, MS.; vn sage, H.
Footnote 287: _Sc._ gods; les dieux, H.
Footnote 288: A wrong translation; tres louable chose est seruir dieu et sainctifier ses sains, H.; tous ses sens humains, G. de Tign.
Footnote 289: Atropos, one of the Fates, here represented as masculine; a Atropos et a son dart, H.
Footnote 290: Tout crestien, H.
Footnote 291: The, MS.; la prouision, H.
Footnote 292: Bellerophon, whose story is here confused with that of Hippolytus by making Anteia his stepmother.
Footnote 293: Il mieulx ama eslire la mort, H.
Footnote 294: Decre, MS.; latrie, H.; latria, Wyer; eo ritu ac servitute quæ græce λατρεία dicitur et uni vero Deo debetur, Aug. de Civitate Dei, vi.
præf. (Migne, xli. 173).
Footnote 295: Matt. iv. 10.
Footnote 296: Memnon, the Ethiopian, whose father Tithonus was half-brother to Priam, being son of Laomedon by a different mother.
Footnote 297: Leust occis, H.
Footnote 298: Trwee, MS.
Footnote 299: the sentence is “Multiplica amicos qui sunt medicamina animarum.” The Museum MSS. of G. de Tignonville’s French version and of the English versions of Earl Rivers and Scrope read “Sabion” or “Zabion.”
Footnote 300: _Cf._ Sermo clxxx. (Migne, xxxviii. 972).
Footnote 301: _Sc._ false.
Footnote 302: Exod. xx. 7.
Footnote 303: _Sc._ menacings; de grant menace, nyce et fole, H.
Footnote 304: Et en Leomedon te mire, H.
Footnote 305: Enuoya messages laidement congeer, H. The word “bostus” is apparently connected with “bost, boast,” meaning “boastful” or “threatening.”
Footnote 306: _Sc._ well weighed; moult pesee, H.
Footnote 307: Et brisier commandement soit autressi oultrecuidance, H.
Footnote 309: Les palais des parens, H.
Footnote 310: _Sc._ cracked; creuee, H.
Footnote 311: _Sc._ brightness; la leur, H.
Footnote 312: Le mordant de sa ceinture ficha par la creueure, H.
Footnote 313: Vn morier blanc, H., _sc._ a white mulberry, _cf._ Arbor ibi, niveis uberrima pomis, Ardua morus, erat, Ovid, Met. iv. 89.
Footnote 314: These words are at the bottom of f. 34b, after which there is a lacuna of a whole quire. The story in H. goes on “le lyon qui sus ot vomy lentraille dune beste quil ot deuouree. Oultre mesure fu grande la douleur de Piramus, qui cuida samie deuouree des fieres bestes; donc apres moult piteux reclaims soccist de son espee. Tisbee sailli du buisson, mais quant elle entent les sanglos de son ami qui mouroit et elle voit lespee et le sanc, adonc par grant douleur sus son ami chay, qui a elle parler ne pot, et apres plusieurs grans plains, regrais et pasmoisons soccist de la mesmes espee.” The mythological personages dealt with in the missing pages are Æsculapius, Achilles, Busiris, Leander, Helen, Aurora, Pasiphae, Adrastus, Cupid, Corinis, and Juno.
Footnote 315: The preceding “texte” and “glose” in H. are as follows:— De Iuno ia trop ne te chaille, Se le noyel mieulx que leschaille Donneur desires a auoir, Car mieulx vault proece quauoir.
Iuno est la deesse dauoir selon les fables des poetes, et pour ce que auoir et richece couuient auoir et acquerir a grant soing et traueil et que tel soing peut destourner a honneur acquerre et comme honneur et vaillance soit plus louable que richeces de tant comme la noyel vault mieulx que leschaille, _etc._ Footnote 316: Slelle, MS.
Footnote 317: _Sc._ one hump on the back.
Footnote 318: Matt. xix. 24.
Footnote 319: Amphiaraus, hero and seer, joint king of Argos with Adrastus, whose sister Eriphyle he married. Against his own opinion he was induced by his wife to join the expedition of the Seven against Thebes.
Footnote 320: _Sc._ Solon, but the sentence is not under his name in the “Dicta Philosophorum.”
Footnote 321: What St. Gregory really says is, “Sicut carni vestræ, ne deficiat, cibos quotidie præbetis, sic mentis vestræ quotidiana alimenta bona sunt opera. Cibo corpus pascitur, pio opere spiritus nutriatur,” Hom.
v. in Evang. (Migne, lxxvi. 1092).
Footnote 322: Worde ye here the which, MS.
Footnote 323: Matt. iv. 4.
Footnote 325: Ne chose dont vn puist _presumer_ folie, H.
Footnote 326: _Sc._ discretion; lente de parler, H.
Footnote 327: Couuercle, H.
Footnote 328: Fro, MS.; qui garde sa lengue il garde son ame, car la mort et la vie sont en la puissance de la lengue, H.
Footnote 329: Ps. xxxiii. 14.
Footnote 330: Croy la corneille et son conseil.
Jamais ne soyes en esueil De male nouuelle apporter; Le plus seur est sen depporter.
Footnote 331: He, MS.
Footnote 332: Hym, MS.
Footnote 333: Literally translated, this sentence should read: “But she (the crow) dissuaded him from going by giving him an example of herself, who for a like case had been driven from the house of Pallas,” etc. See Ovid, Met. ii. 542.
Footnote 334: Se espart, H.
Footnote 335: Prov. ii. 10, 11.
Footnote 336: Which, MS.
Footnote 337: Ganymedes was son of Tros and brother of Ilus and Assaracus. His well-known story is here confused with that of Hyacinthus, who was accidentally killed in a game of discus with Apollo (Ovid, Met. x.
184).
Footnote 338: Prov. xxiv. 6.
Footnote 339: _Sc._ sheep.
Footnote 340: _Sc._ wholly; du tout, H.
Footnote 341: Descongnoissant et desloyaulx a celle qui trop de bien lui ot fait, H.
Footnote 342: Comme vn vent sec, H.
Footnote 343: Sap. xvi. 29.
Footnote 344: Hym, MS.; ne la regardes, H.
Footnote 345: Perseus, H.
Footnote 346: Elsewhere it is Poseidon who was Medusa’s lover—Hanc pelagi rector templo vitiasse Minervæ Dicitur (Ovid, Met. iv. 797). Her hair alone was changed into serpents.
Footnote 347: His his, MS.
Footnote 348: “Holy chirche” is the translator’s addition, not being in H.
Footnote 349: Le pouoir de plus mal faire, H.
Footnote 350: He holde, MS.
Footnote 351: _Sc._ shield.
Footnote 352: Crisostome, H. and other Fr. MSS.
Footnote 353: Comme cest impossible que le feu arde en leaue, aussi est ce impossible que compunccion, _etc._, H. The translator’s omission of the words in brackets was no doubt due to the repetition of “impossible que.”
Footnote 354: Ps. cxxv. (cxxvi.) 5. This is the only instance in which the quotation at the end of an allegory is filled in.
Footnote 355: Es liens Vulcanus et surpris, H.
Footnote 356: That þat, MS.
Footnote 357: ii^o (_sc._ two, deux), MS.; ala querre les autres dieux, H.
Footnote 358: Que tel sen rioit, qui bien voulsist en semblable meffait estre encheut, H.
Footnote 359: Darguemie, _sc._ alchemy, H.
Footnote 360: Read “But to our purpose it seith.” The translator has misread “Mais” in the original as “Mars”; mais a nostre propos veult dire, H.
Footnote 361: Que en tel cas ne soit surpris par oubli, H.
Footnote 362: _Sc._ love.
Footnote 363: Myght, MS.
Footnote 364: Coniecture, H.
Footnote 366: Tomyris, queen, not of the Amazons or “Femeny,” but of the Scythian Massagetæ (Herod. i. 205).
Footnote 367: Despris, _sc._ mépris, H.
Footnote 368: _Sc._ ambushments.
Footnote 369: Ne hayr, H.
Footnote 370: De coenobiorum institutis, xii. 31 (Migne. xlix. 472).
Footnote 371: Eccl. iii. 20.
Footnote 372: Ne laisses ton sens _au_orter, H.
Footnote 373: Footnote 374: Prov. xxix. 15, somewhat corrupted in H.
Footnote 375: _Sc._ mad, furious; du geant enragez, H.
Footnote 376: The story was that Acis, son of Faunus, was beloved by the nymph Galatea, and that the Cyclop Polyphemus, furious with jealousy, crushed him beneath a huge rock (Ovid, Met. xiii. 750).
Footnote 377: Qui Acis estoit nommez, H. The mistranslation in the text is inexplicable.
Footnote 378: Adonc fu [le geant] surpris de soubdaine rage et tellement escroula la roche que tout en fu Axis acrauentez (_sc._ ecrasé, brisé), H.
Footnote 379: Nymphe, H.
Footnote 380: Se ficha en la mer, H.
Footnote 382: Peleus, to whose marriage with Thetis all the gods were invited except Eris or Discord.
Footnote 383: For his judgment see below, p. 83.
Footnote 384: _Sc._ then; adonc, H.
Footnote 385: _Sc._ weaning; a qui il cuidoit estre filz, H.
Footnote 386: Qui conduisoit les dames, H.
Footnote 387: _Sc._ hates; ou croiscent les haynes, H.
Footnote 388: Cassiodore sus le Psaultier, H.
Footnote 389: Rom. xiii. 13.
Footnote 390: Iff thou aniy, MS.; _Sc._ tu las a qui que soit fait, H.
Footnote 391: See above, p. 51.
Footnote 392: Lawde, MS.
Footnote 393: _Sc._ avenged.
Footnote 394: Joel ii. 13.
Footnote 395: Damours affoles, H.
Footnote 396: Semele, whom Hera deceived in the form of her old nurse Beroe (Ovid, Met. iii. 260).
Footnote 397: Ne perceyued, MS. The translator misunderstood the original, _cf._ dist a celle, qui garde ne sen prenoit de la deceuance, que de rien ne sestoit ancore apperceue de lamour, mais quant elle seroit auecques lui, _etc._, H.
Footnote 398: La voulsist accoller, H.
Footnote 399: Of hir, MS.; de feu, H.
Footnote 400: Ou liure des brebis, H., _Sc._ Sermo xlvii. de ovibus, in Ezech.
xxxiv. 17–31 (Migne, xxxviii. 303).
Footnote 401: A noz freres enfermes, H.; infirmo fratri, St. Aug.
Footnote 402: Tit. ii. 7.
Footnote 403: Prov. xxxi. 27.
Footnote 404: Thereoff, MS.
Footnote 405: Arachne, who challenged Athena to compete with her in weaving and was changed by the goddess into a spider (Ovid, Met. vi. 1–145).
Footnote 406: The, MS.
Footnote 408: _Sc._ Adonis.
Footnote 409: Vn damoisel moult cointe, H.
Footnote 410: According to the “Dicta Philosophorum” Sedechias “primus fuit per quem nutu Dei lex precepta fuit et sapientia intellecta” (Add. MS. 16,906, f. 1).
Footnote 411: 2 Pet. ii. 19.
Footnote 412: Apoc. xiii. 7.
Footnote 413: De lagait (l’agait, _sc._ ruse, artifice), H. The translator seems to have read “la gent.”
Footnote 414: Luke xi. 21.
Footnote 415: To follow? Dinstrumens _suiure_ nas mestier, H.
Footnote 416: _Sc._ running; courans, H.
Footnote 417: _Sc._ fierce; fiers, H.
Footnote 418: Et moins sent les molestes dauarice qui ne voit point les riches du monde, H.
Footnote 419: Ps. ci. 8.
Footnote 420: Apulia and Calabria.
Footnote 421: This is an assumption from the fact that the Greek colonies of South Italy had the name of Magna Græcia. Hellas originally was the district of Phthiotis in Thessaly, where the Myrmidones dwelt.
Footnote 422: Especes, H.; quatuor sunt species quibus omnis tumor arrogantium demonstratur, S. Greg. Moralia, xxiii. 6 (Migne, lxxvi. 258).
Footnote 423: Prov. viii. 13.
Footnote 424: Actæon, changed into a stag by Artemis (Ovid, Met. iii. 155).
Footnote 425: Nymphes, H.
Footnote 426: Ignorence, H., and so the “Dis des Philosophes.”
Footnote 427: Matt. iii. 2.
Footnote 428: See above, p. 74.
Footnote 429: Either Charon is meant, or Acheron, as the eponym of the river of Hades so named.
Footnote 430: Miraculeuse ne merueillable qui est appelle tempter Dieu, H.
Footnote 431: Jas. iv. 3.
Footnote 432: _Sc._ assay, test; Lessay con fist a Achilles, H.
Footnote 433: En labbaye la deesse Vesta, H.
Footnote 434: Pyrrhus, his son by Deidameia, daughter of Lycomedes of Scyros.
Footnote 435: Aneles, guimphes, conroyes et de tous ioyaulx, H.; quayntyses, prety japes and jewelles, Wyer.
Footnote 436: Make, MS.
Footnote 437: Cointeries mignotes, H.
Footnote 438: Leginon, H.; Longinon, Add. MS. 16,906, f. 51b; Loginon, Roy. MS. 19 B. iv. f. 60.
Footnote 439: Le vaillant nest conqneu que en guerre, G. de Tign. (Roy. MS. 19 B.
iv. f. 64).
Footnote 440: Attendent la gloire pardurable en loyer, H.
Footnote 441: 2 Paralip. xv. 7.
Footnote 442: _Sc._ fairies; vne nymphe, H.
Footnote 443: The letters in brackets have been torn away with the edge of the leaf.
Footnote 444: Texillus, Dicta Phil. (Add. MS. 16,906, f. 56).
Footnote 445: 1 Joh. ii. 15.
Footnote 446: _Sc._ knowledge; de sauoir, H.
Footnote 447: _Sc._ riches; dauoir, H.
Footnote 448: See above, p. 66.
Footnote 449: _Sc._ pass, surpass.
Footnote 450: Ioliuete, H.
Footnote 451: Omitted in MS.; les Manichees, H.
Footnote 452: It is þerfor it is, MS.
Footnote 453: Matt. vii. 1, 2; ut non judicemini, Vulg.
Footnote 454: _Sc._ snares; les tours de fortune sont comme engins, H.
Footnote 455: _Sc._ Boethius; Boece, H.
Footnote 456: Les quieulx addicions ne prestent point les choses ou les mondains mettent leur felicite, H.
Footnote 457: Isai. iii. 12.
Footnote 458: _Sic_,? tasteth; gouster, H.
Footnote 460: Cephalus, who killed his wife Procris in the way described (Ovid, Met.
vii. 836).
Footnote 461: Glauellot, H.
Footnote 462: Matt. vii. 3.
Footnote 464: Au dieu qui dort et fait songer, H.
Footnote 465: That may propirly that may speke, MS.; qui proprement en puisse parler quoyque les expositeurs en dient, H.
Footnote 466: Tyme, MS.
Footnote 467: Eccl. ii. 4.
Footnote 468: Alcyone, or Halcyone, wife of Ceyx, whose story is in Ovid, Met. xi.
410.
Footnote 469: For, MS.
Footnote 470: Dedens la nef se gita, H.
Footnote 471: Colus, MS.
Footnote 472: The fable was that for seven days before and after the winter solstice, when the Halcyon was breeding, the sea remained calm.
Footnote 473: See the “Dis des Philosophes” (Roy. MS. 19 B. iv. f. 60).
Footnote 474: Prov. iii. 21, 22.
Footnote 475: _Sc._ Trust.
Footnote 476: Hesione, whom Hercules rescued when she was exposed by command of an