expansion of the forms of consciousness, xii, xiii (or essences), qualities and acts the three kinds of representation, 302-3 God as pure form in Aristotle, 196, 322 or idea in ancient philosophy, 317, 318, 330 of intelligence, xiv, 48, 147, 148, 165, 190, 195, 196, 198, 207, 219, 257-9, 266, 358-9, 361. _See_ Concept and matter in creation, 239, 250 and matter in knowledge, 195, 361 a snapshot view of transition, 302 Formal knowledge, 152 logic, 292 Forms of sensibility, 361 Fossil species, 102 Foster, 125 _note_ Fox in illustration of animal intelligence, 138 Frames of the understanding, 46-7, 48, 150-2, 173, 177, 197-9, 219-20, 223-4, 258, 270, 313, 358, 364 fit the inert, 197, 218 inadequate to reality entire, 364 misfit for the vital, x, xiii, xiv, 46, 48, 173, 177, 197-9, 223, 258, 313 product of life, 358 transform freedom into necessity, 270 utility of, lies in their unlimited application, 149-50, 152 Freedom, 11, 48, 126, 130, 163, 164, 200, 202, 207, 208, 217, 223, 231, 237, 239, 247, 249, 264-6, 269, 270, 277, 300, 339-41, 345, 346 the absolute as freely acting, 277 affirmed by conscience, 269 animal characteristic rather than vegetable, 129-30 caprice attribute not of, but of mechanism, 47 coextensiveness of consciousness with, 111, 112, 202, 264, 270 of creation and life, 247, 254, 255 creativeness of, 223, 239, 248 in Descartes's philosophy, 345, 346 as efficient causality, 277 inversion of necessity, 236 and liberation of consciousness, 265, 266. _See_ Imprisonment of consciousness and novelty, 12, 163, 164, 200, 218, 231, 239, 249, 270, 339-42 order in, 223 property of every organism, 129-31 relaxation of, into necessity, 217 tendency of, to self-negation in habit, 127 tension of, 200, 201, 202, 207, 223, 237, 301 transformed by the understanding into necessity, 270 _See_ Spontaneity Fringe of intelligence around instinct, 136 of intuition around intellect, xii, xiii, 46 of possible action around real action, 179, 272 Froth, alveolar, in imitation of organic phenomena, 33-4 Full, fallacy of thinking the, by the empty, 273-6 _See_ Function and structure and organ in arthropods, vertebrates and man, 132-3 of the organism, 94, 106-10, 112, 114, 117, 120, 126, 173-5, 246, 253-6 of the organism, alimentation, 106, 107, 120, 121, 246, 254 of the organism, animal: canalization of energy, 93, 110, 126, 255, 256 of the organism, carbon in, 107, 113, 114, 117, 254, 255 of the organism, chlorophyllian function, 107-9, 114, 117, 246, 247, 254 of the organism, primary functions of life: storage and expenditure of energy, 254-6 of the organism, vegetable: accumulation of energy, 254, 255 of philosophy: adoption of the evolutionary movement of life and consciousness, 370 of science, 168, 346 sketching movements the, of consciousness, 207 and structure, 55, 62, 66, 69, 74, 75, 76, 86, 88-91, 93, 94, 96, 118, 132, 140, 141, 158, 162, 250, 252, 256 tactualizing all perception the, of science, 168 of vegetable organism: accumulation of energy, 254, 255 Functions of life, the two: storage and expenditure of energy, 254-6 Galileo, homogeneity of time in, 332 his influence on metaphysics, 20, 228 his influence on modern science, 334, 335 extension of Galileo's physics, 357, 370 his theory of the fall of bodies compared with Aristotle's, 228, 331, 332, 334 Ganoid breast-plate of ancient fishes, in reference to animal mobility, 130, 131 Gaudry, 130 _note_ Genera, relation of, to individuals, 226 relation of, to laws, 225, 226, 330 potential, 226-7 and signs, 158 Generality, ambiguity of the idea of, in philosophy, 229-31, 236 Generalization dependent on repetition, 230, 231 distinguished from transference of sign, 158 in the vital and mathematical orders, 224, 225, 230 Generic, type of the: similarity of structure between generating and generated, 223, 224 Genius and the willed order, 223, 237 Genus. _See_ Genera Geometrical, the, is the object of the intellect, 190 Geometrical order as a diminution or lower complication of the vital, 223, 225, 236, 330. _See_ Genera, Relation of, to laws mutual contingency of, and vital order, 235 _See_ Mathematical order space, relation of, to the spatiality of things, 203 Geometrism, the latent, of intellect, 194, 211-3 Geometry, fitness of, to matter, 10 goal of intellectual operations, 211, 213, 218 ideal limit of induction and deduction, 214-8, 361. _See_ Space, Descending movement of existence modern, compared with ancient, 36, 161, 333-4 natural, 194, 211-2 perception impregnated with, 205, 230 reasoning in, contrasted with reasoning concerning life, 7, 8 scientific, 161, 211 Germ, accidental predisposition of, in Neo-Darwinism, 168, 169, 170 Giard, 84 Glucose in organic function, 122, 123 Glycogen in organic function, 122-4 God, as activity, 249 of Aristotle, 196, 322, 325, 349, 353, 356-7 ascent toward, in Aristotle's philosophy, 322-3 circularity of God's thought, in Aristotle's philosophy, 324, 325 in Descartes's philosophy, 346, 347 as efficient cause in Aristotle's philosophy, 324 as hypostasis of the unity of nature, 196, 322, 357 in Leibniz's philosophy, 352, 353, 356-7 as eternal matter, 196-7 as pure form, 196-7, 322 in Spinoza's philosophy, 351, 357 Greek philosophy. _See_ Ancient philosophy Growing old, 15 Growth, creation is, 240-1, 275 and novelty, 231 of the powers of life, 132, 134-5 reality is, 237 of the universe, 343, 345 Guinea-pig, in illustration of hereditary transmission, 80, 81 Habit and consciousness annulled, 143 form of knowledge a habit or bent of attention, 148 and heredity, 78, 93, 169, 170, 173. _See_ Acquired characters, inheritance of instinct as an intelligent, 173-4 and invention in animals, 264 and invention in man, 265 tendency of freedom to self-negation in, 127-8 Harmony between instinct and life, and between intelligence and the inert, 187, 194-5, 198 of the organic world is complementarity due to a common original impulse 50, 51, 103, 116, 118 pre-established, 205, 206 in radical finalism, 127-8. _See_ Discord Hartog, 60 _note_ Hatchets, ancient flint, and human intellect, 137 Heliocentric radius-vector in Kepler's laws, 333-4 Hesitation or choice, consciousness as, 143, 144 Heteroblastia and identical structures on divergent lines of evolution, 75 Heymons, 72 _note_ Hive as an organism, 166 _Homo faber_, designation of human species, 139 Homogeneity of space, 156, 212 the sphere of intellect, 163 of time in Galileo, 332 Horse-fly illustrating the object of instinct, 146 Houssay, 109 _note_ Human and animal attention, 184 and animal brain, 184, 263-5 and animal consciousness, 139-43, 180, 183, 184, 187, 188, 191, 212, 263-8 and animal instruments of action, 139-43, 150 and animal intelligence, 138, 187, 188, 191, 192, 212 and animal invention, relation of, to habit, 264, 265 intellect and language, 157-8 intellect and manufacture, 137, 138 Huxley, 38 Hydra and individuality, 13 [Greek: Hylê] of Aristotle, 353 Hymenoptera, the culmination of arthropod and instinctive evolution, 134, 173-4 as entomologists, 146, 172-3 organization and instinct in, 140 paralyzing instinct of, 146, 172, 173-4 social instincts of, 101, 171 Hypostasis of the unity of nature, God as, 196-7, 322, 356 Hypothetical propositions characteristic of intellectual knowledge, 149-50 Idea or form in ancient philosophy, 49, 314, 316-7, 318, 329-30 in ancient philosophy, [Greek: eidos], 314-5 in ancient philosophy, Platonic, 48 and image in Descartes, 280 Idealism, 232 Idealists and realists alike assume the possibility of an absence of order, 220, 232 Identical structures in divergent lines of evolution, 55, 60-1, 62, 69, 74-7, 86, 119 Illumination of action the function of perception, 5, 206, 307 Image and idea in Descartes, 280 distinguished from concept, 160-1, 280 Imitation of being in Greek philosophy, 324, 327 of instinct by science, 168-9, 173-4 of life in intellectual representation, 4, 33, 88-9, 101, 176, 208, 209, 213, 226, 259, 341, 365 of life by the unorganized, 33, 35, 36 of motion by intelligence, 305, 307-8, 312, 313, 329. _See_ Imitation of the real, etc. of the physical order by the vital, 230 of the real by intelligence, 258, 270, 307 Immobility of extension, 155 and plants, 108-13, 118, 119, 130 of primitive and torpid animals, 130-1 relative and apparent; mobility real, 155 Impatience, duration as, 10, 339-40 Impelling cause, 73 Implement, the animal, is natural: the human, artificial, 139-43 artificial, 137-40, 150-1 constructing, function of intelligence, 159, 182-3 life known to intelligence only as, 162 matter known to intelligence only as, 161, 198 natural, 141, 145, 150 organized, 141, 145, 150 unorganized, 137-9, 141, 150-1 Implicit knowledge, 148 Impotence of intellect and perception to grasp life, 176-8 Imprisonment of consciousness, 180-3, 264-6 Impulsion and attraction in Greek philosophy, 323-4 release and unwinding, the three kinds of cause, 73 given to mind by matter, 202 Inadequacy of act to representation, consciousness as, 143 Inadequate and adequate in Spinoza, 353 Inanition, illustrating primacy of nervous system, 124 _note_ Incoherence, 236. _See_ Absence of order, Chance, Chaos in nature, 104 Incommensurability of free act with conceptual idea, 47, 201 of instinct and intelligence, 167-8, 175 Incompatibility of developed tendencies, 104, 168 Independent variable, time as, 20, 335-6 Indeterminism in Descartes, 345 Individual, viewed by intelligence as aggregate of molecules and of facts, 250-1 and division of labor, 140 in evolutionist biology, 169, 171, 246 _note_ and genus, 226-9 mind in philosophy, 191 aesthetic intuition only attains the, 177 and society, 260, 265 transmits the vital impetus, 250, 259, 270 Individuality never absolute, x, 12, 13, 16, 19, 42, 260 and age, 15-23, 27, 43 corporeal, physics tends to deny, 188, 189, 208. _See_ Interpenetration, Obliteration of outlines, Solidarity of the parts of matter and generality, 226-8 the many and the one in the idea of, x, 258 as plan of possible influence, 11 Individuation never absolute, x, 12-16, 43, 260 as a cosmic principle in contrast with association, 259-60 property of life, 12-5 partly the work of matter, 257-8, 259, 270 Indivisibility of action, 94, 95 of duration, 6, 308 of invention, 164 of life, 225, 270-1. _See_ Unity of life of motion, 307-11 Induction in animals, 214 certainty of, approached as factors approach pure magnitudes, 222, 223 and duration, 216 and expectation, 214-6 geometry the ideal limit of, 214-8, 361. _See_ Space, Geometry, Reasoning, "Descending" movement of matter, etc. and magnitude, 215, 216 repetition the characteristic function of intellect, 164, 199, 205-16 and space, 216. _See_ Space as the ideal limit, Systems, etc.
Inertia, 176, 224 Inertia, 176, 224 Infant, intelligence in, 147, 148 Inference a beginning of invention, 138 Inferiority in evolutionary rank, 174-5 Influence, possible, 11, 189 Infusoria, conjugation of, 15 development of the eye from its stage in, 60-1, 72, 78, 84 and individuation, 260 and mechanical explanations, 34, 35 vegetable function in, 116 Inheritance of acquired characters. _See_ Hereditary transmission Innate knowledge, 146-7, 150-1 Innateness of the categories, 148, 149-50 Inorganic matter. _See_ Inert matter Insectivorous plants, 107-9 Insects, 19, 101, 107, 126, 131, 134, 135, 140-1, 146, 147, 157, 166, 169, 171-5, 188 apogee of instinct in hymenoptera, 134, 173-4 consciousness and instinct, 145, 167, 173 continuity of instinct with organization, 139, 145 fallibility of instinct in, 172-3 instinct in general in, 169, 173-4 language of ants, 157-8 object of instinct in, 146 paralyzing instinct in, 146, 171, 172-3 social instinct in, 101, 157-8, 171 special instincts as variations on a theme, 167. _See_ Arthropods in evolution Insensible variation, 63, 66 Inspiration of a poem an undivided intuitive act, contrasted with its intellectual imitation in words, 209, 210, 258. _See_ Sympathy Instrument, action as, of consciousness, 180 animal, is natural; human artificial, 139-43 automatic activity as instrument of voluntary, 252 consciousness as, of action, 180 intelligence: the function of intelligence is to construct instruments, 159, 192-3 intelligence transforms life into an, 162 intelligence transforms matter into an, 161, 198 intelligence: the instruments of intelligence are artificial, ix, 137-9, 140-1, 150-1 natural or organized instruments of instinct, 140-1, 145, 150 _See_ Philosophy, Intelligence Intellectualism, hesitation of Descartes between, and intuitionism, 345 Intelligent, the, contrasted with the merely intelligible, 175 Intelligible reality in ancient philosophy, 316-7 world, 160-1 Intelligibles of Plotinus, 353 Intension of knowledge, 149-50 Intensity of consciousness varies with ratio of possible to real action, 144-5 Intention as contrasted with mechanism, 233. _See_ Automatic order, Willed order of life the object of instinct, 176, 233 Interaction, universal, 188-9 Interest as cause of variation, 131 in representation of "nought," 296, 297. _See_ Affection, rôle of, etc.
Internal finality, 41 Internality of instinct, 168, 174-5, 176-7 of subject in object the condition of knowledge of reality, 307, 317, 358-9 Interruption, materiality an, of positivity, 219, 246, 247-8, 319-20. _See_ Inverse relation, etc.
Interval of time, 8-9, 22, 23 between what is done and what might be done covered by consciousness, 179 Intuition, continuity between sensible and ultra-intellectual, 360-1 dialectic and, in philosophy, 238. _See_ Intellect as inversion of intuition fringe of, around the nucleus of intellect, xiii, 12, 46, 49, 193 and instinct, 176-9, 182 and intellect in theoretical knowledge, 176-9, 270-1 Intuitional cosmology as reversed psychology, 207-8 metaphysics contrasted with intellectual or systematic, 191-2, 268-70, 277-8 method of philosophy, apparent vicious circle of, 191-4, 195-8 Intuitionism in Spinoza, 347-8 and intellectualism in Descartes, 345-6 Invention, consciousness as, and freedom, 264, 270-1 creativeness of, 164, 237, 340, 341 disproportion between, and its consequences, 181, 182-3 duration as, 10-1 evolution as, 102-3, 255, 344-5 fervor of, 164 indivisibility of, 164 inference a beginning of, 138 mechanical, 142-3, 194-5 of steam engine as epoch-marking, 138-9 time as, 341 unforeseeableness of, 164 upspringing of, 164 _See_ New Irreversibility of duration. _See_ Repetition Janet, Paul, 60-1 _note_ Jennings, 35 _note_ Jourdain and the two kinds of order, 221 Kaleidoscopic variation, 74 Kant, antinomies of, 204-5, 206 becoming in Kant's successors, 362 coincidence of matter with space in Kant's philosophy, 206, 207-8, 244 construction the method of Kant's successors, 364-5 his criticism of pure reason, 205, 287 _note_, 356-62, 364 degrees of being in Kant's successors, 362-3 duration in Kant's successors, 362-3 intelligence in Kant's philosophy, 230, 357 ontological argument in Kant's philosophy, 285 space and time in Kant's philosophy, 204-6 and Spencer, 364 _See_ Mind and matter, Sensuous manifold, Thing-in-itself Katagenesis, 34 Labbé 260 _note_ Lalande, André, 246 _note_ Lamarck, 75-6 La Place, 38 Lapsed intelligence, instinct as, 169, 175 Latent geometrism of intellect, 194, 211-2 Law of correlation, 66, 67 and genera, 226-9, 330 heliocentric radius-vector in Kepler's laws, 334 imprint of relations and laws upon consciousness in Spencer's philosophy, 188 and intuitional philosophy, 176-7 physical, contrasted with the laws of our codes, 218-9 physical, expression of the negative movement, 218 physical, mathematical form of, 218, 219, 229-30, 241 relation as, 228, 229-30 Learning, instinctive, 192, 193 Le Dantec, 18 _note_ Leibniz, cause in, 277 dogmatism of, 356, 357 extension in, 351, 352 God in, 351, 352, 356 mechanism in, 348, 351, 355, 356 his philosophy a systematization of physics, 347 space in, 351-2 teleology in, 39, 40 time in, 352, 362 Le Roy, Ed., 218 _note_ Liberation of consciousness, 183-4, 265, 266 Liberty. _See_ Freedom Limitations of instinct and of intelligence, 152 Limitedness of the scope of Galileo's physics, 357, 370 of the vital impetus, 126, 127, 141, 148, 149, 255 Linden, Maria von, 114 _note_ Lingulae illustrating failure to evolve, 102 Lizards, color variation in, 72, 74 Locomotion and consciousness, 108, 111, 115, 261. _See_ Mobility, Movement Logical existence contrasted with psychical and physical, 277, 298, 328, 361-2 categories, x, 48, 195, 196 and physical contrasted, 276-7 [Greek: logos], in Plotinus, 210 _note_ Looking backward, the attitude of intellect, 46, 237 Lumbriculus, 13 Machinery and intelligence, 141 Machines, natural and artificial, 139. _See_ Implement, Instrument organisms, for action, 252, 254, 300-1 Magnitude, certainty of induction approached as factors approach pure magnitudes, 215-16 and modern science, 333, 335 Manacéine (de), 124 _note_ Many and one, categories inapplicable to life, x, 162-3, 177-8, 257, 261, 268 in the idea of individuality, 258 _See_ Multiplicity Marion, 107 _note_ Material knowledge, 152 Materialists, 240 Materiality the inversion of spirituality, 212 Mathematical order. _See_ Inert matter, Order Matter. _See_ Inert matter Maturation as creative evolution, 47-8, 230 Maupas, 35 _note_ Measurement a human convention, 218, 242 of real time an illusion, 336-40 Mechanics of transformation, 32 Mechanism, cerebral, 252, 253, 262, 263, 265, 366. _See_ Cerebral activity and consciousness of the eye, 88 instinct as, 176-7 of intellect. _See_ Intellect, mechanism of and intention, 233. _See_ Automatic order, Willed order life more than, x, xiv _note_, 78-9 Medical philosophers of the eighteenth century, 356 science, 165 Medullary bulb in the development of the nervous system, 252 and consciousness, 110 Menopause in illustration of crisis of evolution, 19 Mental life, unity of, 268 Metamorphoses of larvae, 139-40, 146-7, 166 Method of philosophy, 191-2 Microbes, illustrating divergence of tendency, 117 Microbial colonies, 259