When the Brdhma^a i?fshabhadatta had heard and perceived this news from the Brahmawi Devdnandd, he, glad, pleased, and joyful (see § 5, down to) rain-drops, firmly fixed the dreams (in his mind), and entered upon considering them. He grasped the meaning of those dreams with his own innate intellect and intuition, which were preceded by reflection, and thus spoke to the Brdhma;«i Devdnandd: (8) ‘ O beloved of the gods, you have seen illustrious dreams; O beloved of the gods, you have seen beautiful, lucky, blest, auspicious, fortunate dreams, which will bring health, joy, long life, bliss, and fortune! We shall have success, O beloved of the gods, we shall have pleasure; we shall have happiness, O beloved of the gods, we shall have a son 1 Indeed, O beloved of the gods, after the lapse of nine com¬ plete months and seven and a half days you will give birth to a lovely and handsome boy with tender hands and feet, with a body containing the entire and complete five organs of sense, with the lucky signs, marks, and good qualities; a boy on whose body all limbs will be well formed, and of full volume, weight, and length, of a lovely figure like that of the moon! (9) And this boy, after having passed his childhood \ and, with just ripened intel¬ lect, having reached the state of youth, will repeat, fully understand, and well retain (in his mind) the four Vedas: the i?fg-veda, Ya^r-veda, Sdma-veda, Atharva-veda—to which the Itihdsa® is added as a fifth, and the Nigghaw^fu® as a sixth (Veda)—to¬ gether with their Ahgas and Upangas, and the Rahasya *; he will know the six Angas, he will be versed in the philosophy of the sixty categories®, and well grounded in arithmetic, in phonetics, ceremonial, grammar, metre, etymology, and as¬ tronomy ®, and in many other brahmanical [and monastic] sciences besides. (10) Therefore, O beloved of the gods, you have seen illustrious dreams, &c. (see § 9).’
In this way he repeatedly expressed his extreme satisfaction, (ii) When the Brihma^i Devananda had heard and perceived this news from the Brihmawa i?fshabhadatta, she—glad, pleased, and joyful, &c. (see § 5)— ^ That is, having reached his eighth year.
* According to the commentators, works which treat of the aidamparya of the Vedas.
® The SIhkhya philosophy of Kapila, according to the com¬ mentary; but see Max Muller, What can India teach us.? p. 362.
® These are the six Ahgas which in the same order occur in the well-known versus memorialis. Indeed, that verse is nearly iden¬ tical with the passage in our text.
joining the palms of her hands, &c. (see § 5, down to) and spoke thus: (12) ‘ That is so, O beloved of the gods; that is exactly so, O beloved of the gods; that is true, O beloved of the gods; that is beyond doubt, O beloved of the gods; that is what I desire, O beloved of the gods; that is what I accept, O beloved of the gods; that is what I desire and accept, O beloved of the gods; that matter is really such as you have pronounced it.’
Thus saying, she accepted the true meaning of the dreams, and enjoyed together with i?fshabhadatta the noble permitted pleasures of human nature. (13) In that period, in that age, ^akra,—the chief and king of the gods, the wielder of the thunderbolt, the destroyer of towns, the performer of a hundred sacri¬ fices, the thousand-eyed one, Maghavan, the punisher of the Daitya Phka, the lord of the southern half of the earth \ the lord of the thirty-two thousand celestial abodes, the bestrider ofthe elephant Airavata,the chief of the Suras, who wears spotless clothes and robes ^ and puts on garlands and the diadem, whose cheeks were stroked by fine, bright, and trembling earrings of fresh gold [the most prosperous, the most brilliant, the most mighty, the most glorious, the most power¬ ful, and the most happy one], with a splendid body, ornamented with a long down-reaching garland,—this 3 akra was in the Saudharma Kalpa, in the celestial abode Saudharma Avata«»esaka, in the council-hall Sudharman, on his throne 6akra; he who exercises and maintains the supreme command, government, ' I. e. of that part of it which lies to the south of mount Meru.
® According to the commentators, wearing clothes resembling the dustless sky.
management, guidance, direction, and sovereign power and generalship over the thirty-two thousand gods of the celestial abodes, the eighty-four thou¬ sand gods of a rank equal with that of himself, the thirty-two chief gods, the four guardians of the world, the eight principal queens with their trains, the three courts, the seven armies, and the seven commanders of these armies. He was then enjoying the permitted pleasures of divine nature under the great din of uninterrupted story-telling, dramatical plays, sing¬ ing, and music, as beating of time, performance on the Vi«i, the Turya, the great drum, and the Pa/upa/aha. (14) And he viewed this whole continent 6^ambhdvlpa with his extensive (knowledge called) Avadhi. There he saw in the continent dPambhdvlpa, in Bhiratavarsha, in the southern half of Bharata, in the brahmanical part of the town Ku/2fl^agrima, the Venerable Ascetic Mahavira taking the form of an embryo in the womb of the Brihma;^^ Devanandd of the 6^dlandhariya^a gotra, wife of the Brahma;?a i?fshabhadatta of the gotra of Ko^fila; and—glad, pleased, and joyful in his mind, delighted, extremely enraptured, with a heart widening under the influence of happiness, with the hair of his body bristling and erect in their pores like the fragrant flowers of Nipa when touched by rain-drops, with his eyes and mouth open like full¬ blown lotuses, with his excellent, various h trembling bracelets, with diadem and earrings, his breast lighted up by necklaces, wearing long and swinging orna¬ ments with a pearl pendant—the chief of the gods rose ^ Katfaga, tua'iya, keflra. Ka/aka is the well-known kanka«a, tru/ika is explained by bahurakshika, keyfira by ziigadz,. The last two are bracelets worn on the upper arm.
with confusion, hasty and trembling from his throne, descended from the footstool, took off his shoes which were by a clever artist set with Vaidhrya and excellent Rish/a and A»^na and ornamented with glittering jewels and precious stones, threw his seam¬ less robe over his left shoulder, and, arranging the fingers of his hands in the shape of a bud, he ad¬ vanced seven or eight steps towards the Tirthakara. Bending his left knee and reposing on the right one, he three times placed his head on the ground and lifted it a little; then he raised his bracelet-encum¬ bered arms, and joining the palms of his hands so as to bring the ten nails together, laid the hands on his head and spoke thus: (15) ‘ Reverence to the Arhats and Bhagavats; to the Adikaras, the Tirthakaras, the perfectly-enlightened ones; to the highest of men, the lions among men, the flowers among mankind^, the Gandhahastins among men; to the highest in the world, the guides of the world, the benefactors of the world, the lights of the world, the enlighteners of the world; to the givers of safety, to the givers of sight, to the givers of the road, to the givers of shelter, to the givers of life, to the givers of knowledge ®; to the givers of the law, the preachers of the law, the lords of the law, the leaders of the law, the universal emperors of the best law; to the light, the help, the shelter, the refuge, the resting-place, the possessors of unchecked know- ’ Names of precious stones.
“ The text has literally, the best lotus among men.
* These words are variously and always somewhat fancifully in¬ terpreted. One explanation is ascribed to the Aupanishadikas, whom I do not remember to have found noticed anywhere else in (?aina books.
ledge and intuition who have got rid of unrighteous¬ ness; to the conquerors and the granters of conquest, the saved and the saviours, the enlightened and the enlighteners, the liberated and the liberators, to the all-knowing ones, the all-seeing ones, to those who have reached the happy, stable, unstained, infinite, unperishable, undecaying place, called the path of perfection, whence there is no return; reve¬ rence to the 6^inas who have conquered fear.
‘ Reverence to the Venerable Ascetic Mahdvira, the Adikara, the last of the Tirthakaras who was pre¬ dicted by the former Tirthakaras, &c.^ I here adore the Revered One yonder, may the Revered One yonder see me here!’ With these words he adored, he worshipped the Venerable Ascetic Mahdvira, and sat down on his excellent throne facing the east. Then the following internal, reflectional, desirable idea occurred to the mind of iSakra, the chief of kings and gods: (16) ‘ It never has happened, nor does it happen, nor will it happen, that Arhats, Aakravartins, Baladevas, or Vasudevas, in the past, present, or future, should be born in low families, mean families, de¬ graded families, poor families, indigent families, beggars’ families, or brahmanical families. (17) For indeed Arhats, Aakravartins, Baladevas, and Vasudevas, in the past, present, and future, are born in high families, noble families, royal fami¬ lies, noblemen’s families, in families belonging to the race of Ikshviku, or of Hari, or in other such¬ like families of pure descent on both sides. (18) ’ According to the commentary all the epithets from ‘the enlight¬ ened one ’ down to ‘ who has reached ’ are intended by this ‘ &c.’
KALPA sOtRA, Now this is something which moves the wonder of the world: it happens in the lapse of numberless Avasarpi«is and U tsarpi/?is, because the imperish¬ able, indescribable, and undestroyable Karman re¬ lating to name and gotra must take effect, that Arhats, &c., in the past, present, and future, descend in (i. e. take the form of an embryo in the womb of a woman belonging to) low families, &c.; but they are never brought forth by birth from such a womb. (19) This Venerable Ascetic Mah^vira, now, in the continent <?ambhdvipa, in Bharatavarsha, in the brahmanical part of the town Kim^fagrdma, has taken the form of an embryo in the womb of the Brihma^l Devdnandi of the 6^cilandhardya«a gotra, wife of the Brdhma;«a i?fshabhadatta of the gotra of Koifala, (20) Hence it is the established custom of all past, present, and future 6akras, chiefs and kings of the gods, to cause the Arhats and Bhagavats to be removed from such-like low, mean, &c., families, to such-like high, noble, &c., families. (21) It is, therefore, better that I should cause the Venerable Ascetic MahavJra, the last of the Tlrthakaras who was predicted by the former Tirthakaras, to be removed from the brahmanical part of the town Ku«^/agrdma, from the womb of the Brahma;^! Devdnanda of the ( 7 dlandhar 4 ya;?a gotra, wife of the Brdhma^^a i?fshabhadatta of the gotra of Koo^ala, to the Kshatriya part of the town YLxxndagrdma, and to be placed as an embryo in the womb of the Kshatriy 4 «l Trbali of the VAsish/^a gotra, wife of the Kshatriya Siddhdrtha of the Ka^yapa gotra, belonging to the clan of the Gn^tri Kshatriyas; and to cause the embryo of the Kshatriydwi TrBalfi of the Vdsish//la gotra to be placed in the LIVES OF THE GINAS^ womb of the Brahma«i Devinandd of the Cilandhariya^a gotra.’
Thus he reflected and called Hari^egamesih the divine commander of the foot troops; having called him, he spoke thus: (22) ‘ Well, now, beloved of the gods, it never has hap¬ pened, &€.(§§ 17-20 are verbally repeated). (23-25) ‘ Therefore, go now and remove the Venerable Ascetic Mahivira from the brahmanical part, &c., and place the embryo of the Kshatriyiwi Trwali, &c. (see § 21). Having done this, return quickly to report on the execution of my orders.’ (26) When Hari/^egamesi, the divine commander of the foot troops, was thus spoken to by 6akra, the chief and king of the gods, he—glad, pleased, and joyful, &c. (see § 15)—laid his folded hands on his head and modestly accepted the words of command, saying, ‘Just as your Majesty commands.’ After this he left the presence of 6'akra, the chief and king of the gods, and descended towards the north¬ eastern quarter; then he transformed himself through his magical power of transformation, and stretched himself out for numerous Yq^nas like a staff, (during which he seized) jewels, Va^a, Vai^fhrya, Lohitiksha, Masiragalla, Hawsagarbha, Pulaka, Saugandhika, G^yotisara, Aw^ana, A»^napulaka, (G 4 tarhpa, Subhaga, Sphai^ika, and Rishifa; (of these precious materials) he rejected the gross particles, and retained the subtle particles. (27) Then * This name is rendered Hariwaigamaishin in Sanskrit. He is represented in pictures as a man with the head of an antelope (hari«a). This is apparently the effect of a wrong etymology, interesting as the fact itself is.
for a second time he transformed himself through his magical power of transformation, and pro¬ duced the definitive form (which gods adopt on entering the world of men); having done so, he passed with that excellent, hasty, trembling, active, impetuous, victorious, exalted, and quick divine mo¬ tion of the gods right through numberless continents and oceans, and arrived in (jambhdvipa, in Bharatavarsha, in the brahmanical part of the town Kundagrkma, at the house of the Brahma^a J^ishabhadatta, where the Brahma»i Devinanda dwelt. Having arrived there, he made his bow in the sight of the Venerable Ascetic Mahavlra, and cast the Brahmawl Devanandi, together with her retinue, into a deep sleep; then he took off all unclean par¬ ticles, and brought forth the clean particles, and saying, ‘ May the Venerable One permit me,’ he took the Venerable Ascetic Mahivlra in the folded palms of his hands without hurting him. Thus he went to the Kshatriya part of the town 'Kundagrkma, to the house of the Kshatriya Siddhirtha, where the Kshatriy 4 »i Trbali dwelt; he cast her and her attendants into a deep sleep, took off all unclean particles, and brought forth the clean particles, and placed the embryo of the Venerable Ascetic Mahivira in the womb of the Kshatriyd^el Trbala, and the embryo of the Kshatriyi^l Tri^ali he placed in the womb of the Br 4 hma;zl Devinandd of the Gklandharayawa gotra. Having done so, he returned in that direction in which he had come’^. (28) With that excellent, &c. (see ^ 28), divine motion * The contents of §§ 14-28 are contained in AMrShga Sutra II, of the gods, he flew upwards right through number¬ less continents and oceans, taking thousands of Yo^nas in each motion, and arrived in the Saudharma Kalpa, in the divine abode called Saudharma Avata^^saka, where Yakra, the chief and king of the gods, sat on the throne called Yakra, and reported to Yakra, the chief and king of the gods, on the exe¬ cution of his orders.
In that period, in that age the knowledge of the Venerable Ascetic Mahavira was threefold; he knew that he was to be removed; he knew that he was removed; he knew not when he was being removed^. (29) In that period, in that age, on the thirteenth day of the third month of the rainy season, in the fifth fortnight, the dark (fortnight) of Alvina, after the lapse of eighty-two days, on the eighty-third day current (since his conception), the embryo of the Venerable Ascetic Mah^vira was, on the command of Yakra, safely removed by Hari^egamesi from the womb of the Brahma;?! Devinanda to that of the Kshatriyi^i Tri^ali^, in the middle of the night, when the moon was in conjunction with the asterism Uttaraphalguni. (30) End of the Second Lecture.
In that night in which the embryo of the Venerable Ascetic Mah 4 vira was removed from the womb of the Br4hma»i Devanandi of the ( 74 landharaya«a gotra to that of the Kshatriyi^i Tri^ali of the 1 In some MSS. the last part of this paragraph is placed at the end of the next one.
^ The text repeats the corresponding passage of § 21.
KALPA s6tRA.
Vasish/z^a gotra, the former was on her couch taking fits of sleep in a state between sleeping and waking; and seeing that these fourteen illustrious, beautiful, lucky, blest, auspicious, fortunate, great dreams were taken from her by the Kshatriyawi Trbala, she awoke. (31) In that night in which the embryo of the Venerable Ascetic Mahivira was removed from the womb of the Brahma«i Devanandi of the (Pdlandhardyazea gotra to that of the Kshatriyi;2l Tri^ali of the Vasish/.^a gotra, the latter was in her dwelling-place, of which the interior was ornamented with pictures, and the outside whitewashed, furbished and cleansed, the brilliant surface of the ceiling was painted, the darkness was dispelled by jewels and precious stones, the floor was perfectly level and adorned with auspi¬ cious figures; which, moreover, was furnished with offerings of heaps of delicious, fragrant, strewn flowers of all five colours, was highly delightful through curling, scented fumes of black aloe, the finest Kundurukka and Turushka^, and burning frankincense; was exquisitely scented with fine per¬ fumes, and turned as it were into a smelling-bottle; on a couch with a mattress of a man’s length, with pillows at head and foot, raised on both sides and hollow in the middle, soft as if one walked on the sand of the banks of the Ganges, covered with the cloth of a robe of ornamented linen, containing a well-worked towel, and hung with red mosquito curtains, delightful, soft to the touch like fur, wad¬ ding, Pura^, butter, or cotton, with all the comforts of ' Diflferent kinds of the resin of Boswellia. “ Name of a tree.
a bed, such as fragrant, excellent flowers and sandalpowder—(in such a room and on such a bed Tri^ala was) taking fits of sleep between sleeping and waking, and having seen the following fourteen, &c. (see § 3), dreams, viz. an elephant, &c. (see § 4), she awoke. (32) 1. Then Tri^ala saw in her first dream a fine, enor¬ mous elephant, possessing all lucky marks, with strong thighs and four mighty tusks; who W'as whiter than an empty great cloud, or a heap of pearls, or the ocean of milk, or the moon-beams, or spray of water, or the silver mountain (Vaitdif/^ya); whose temples were perfumed with fragrant muskfluid, which attracted the bees; equalling in dimension the best elephant of the king of the gods (Airivata); uttering a fine deep sound like the thunder of a big and large rain-cloud. (33) 2. Then she saw a tame, lucky bull, of a whiter hue than that of the mass of petals of the white lotus, illu¬ mining all around by the diffusion of a glory of light; (a bull) whose lovely, resplendent, beautiful hump was delightful through the collection of its charms, whose glossy skin (was covered with) thin, fine, soft hairs; whose body was firm, well made, muscular, com¬ pact, lovely, well proportioned, and beautiful; whose horns were large, round, excellently beautiful, greased at their tops, and pointed; whose teeth were all equal, shining, and pure. He foreboded innumerable good qualities. (34) 3. Then she saw a handsome, handsomely shaped, playful lion, jumping from the sky towards her face; a delightful and beautiful lion whiter than a heap of pearls, &c. (see § 33), who had strong and lovely fore-arms, and a mouth adorned with round, large.
and well-set teeth; whose lovely lips, splendent through their proportions, and soft like a noble lotus, looked as if they were artificially ornamented; whose palate ^ was soft and tender like the petals of the red lotus, and the top of whose tongue was pro¬ truding; whose eyes were like pure lightning, and revolved like red-hot excellent gold just poured out from the crucible; (a lion) with broad and large thighs, and with full and excellent shoulders, who was adorned with a mane of soft, white, thin, long hair of the finest quality; whose erect, well-shaped, and well-grown tail was flapping; the tops of whose nails were deeply set and sharp; whose beautiful tongue came out of his mouth like a shoot of beauty. (35) 4. Then she, with the face of the full moon, saw the goddess of famous beauty, 6’ri, on the top of Mount Himavat, reposing on a lotus in the lotus lake, anointed with the water from the strong and large trunks of the guardian elephants. She sat on a lofty throne. Her firmly placed feet resembled golden tortoises, and her dyed, fleshy, convex, thin, red, smooth nails were set in swelling muscles ^ Her hands and feet were like the leaves of the lotus, and her fingers and toes soft and excellent; her round and well-formed legs were adorned with the Kuruvindavarta and her knees with dimples. Her fleshy thighs resembled the proboscis of an excellent ele¬ phant, and her lovely broad hips were encircled by a golden zone. Her large and beautiful belly was ^ Another reading noticed in the commentary has tala, upperside of the tongue, instead of talu, palate.
® Literally, elevated and fat.
’ An ornament according to the commentary.
adorned by a circular navel, and contained a lovely row of hairs (black as) collyrium, bees, or clouds, straight, even, continuous, thin, admirable, handsome, soft, and downy. Her waist, which contained the three folds, could be encompassed with one hand. On all parts of her body shone ornaments and trin¬ kets, composed of many jewels and precious stones, yellow and red gold. The pure cup-like pair of her breasts sparkled, encircled by a garland of Kunda flowers, in which glittered a string of pearls. She wore strings of pearls made by diligent and clever artists, shining with wonderful strings, a necklace of jewels with a string of Dinirisk and a trembling pair of earrings, touching her shoulders, diffused a brilliancy; but the united beauties and charms of these ornaments were only subservient to the loveli¬ ness of her face^ Her lovely eyes were large and pure like the water lily. She sprinkled about the sap from two lotus flowers which she held in her splendid hands, and gracefully fanned herself. Her glossy, black, thick, smooth hair hung down in a braid. (36) 5. Then she saw, coming down from the firma¬ ment, a garland charmingly interwoven with fresh Mandara flowers. It spread the delicious smell of .^ampaka®, Aroka*, Naga® Punnaga®, Priyangu'^, * This word, corresponding to the Greek Srjvdpwv, proves the late composition of this part of the Kalpa Siltra.
^ I cannot accurately construe this passage; my translation is therefore rather free, but, I believe, comes near the meaning of the original.
* Michelia Champaka. ^ Jonesia Asoka.
® Mesua Roxburghii. ® Rottlera Tinctoria.
’ Panicum Italicum.
KALPA StjTRA.
6’irisha^, Mudgara^, Malliki®, Yuthika®, Ahkolla ®, Kora;^/fakapatraDamanaka®, Navamiliki®, Bakula^®, Tilaka^k Vasantika’^ Nuphar, Nymphaea, Pd/ala^®, Kunda^^, Atimukta’®, and Mango; and perfumed the ten divisions of the uni¬ verse with its incomparably delightful fragrance. It was white through wreaths of fragrant flowers of all seasons, and brilliant through splendid, beautiful embellishments of many colours. Towards it came humming swarms of different kinds of bees^®, and filled with their sweet noise the whole neighbour¬ hood. (37) 6. And the moon: white as cow-milk, foam, spray of water, or a silver cup, glorious, delighting heart and eyes, full, dispelling the compact darkness of the thick¬ est wilderness, whose crescent shines at the end of the two halves of the month, opening the blossoms of the groups of Nymphaeas, adorning the night, resem¬ bling the surface of a well-polished mirror. She was of a white hue, like a flamingo, the stars’ headornament, the quiver of Cupid’s arrows, raising the waters of the ocean, burning as it were disconsolate ' Acacia Sirisa. A species of jasmine.
® Jasminum Zambac. * Jasminum Grandiflorum.
' Jasminum Auriculatum. ® Alangium Hexapetalum.
’ Not specialised in our dictionaries. ® Artemisia Indica.
'' The many-flowered Nykanthes or Jasminum Zambac.
Mimusops Elengi.
“ Clerodendum Phlomoides or Symplocos Racemosa.
Gaertnera Racemosa. Bignonia Suaveolens.
** Fragrant Oleander.
Diospyros Glutinos or Dalbergia Ougeinense.
Sha/pada, madhukari, bhramara. The sha4)ada are literally six-footed bees, as Stevenson correctly translated, but he strangely reckons them among the preternatural animals, like the four-tusked elephants, dear to the imagination of the Gains!
people when absent from their sweethearts, the large, glorious, wandering headmark of the celestial sphere—beloved in heart and soul by Rohi;?i b Such was the glorious, beautiful, resplendent full moon which the queen saw. (38) 7. Then she saw the large sun, the dispeller of the mass of darkness, him of radiant form, red like the Araka, the open Kiwsuka, the bill of a parrot, or the Gu^'irdha^, the adorner of the lotus groups, the marker of the starry host, the lamp of the firma¬ ment, throttling as it were the mass of cold, the illustrious leader of the troop of planets, the destroyer of night, who only at his rising and setting may be well viewed, but (at all other times) is diffi¬ cult to be regarded, who disperses evil-doers that stroll about at night, who stops the influence of cold, who always circles round Mount Meru, whose thou¬ sand rays obscure the lustre of other lights®. (39) 8. Then she saw an extremely beautiful and very large flag, a sight for all people, of a form attractive to the beholders. It was fastened to a golden staff with a tuft of many soft and waving peacock’s feathers of blue, red, yellow, and white colours, and seemed as if it would pierce the brilliant, celestial sphere, with the brilliant lion on its top, who was white like crystal, pearlmother, Anka-stone, Kundaflowers, spray of water, or a silver cup. {40) * The commentators understand this passage (Rohi«tma«ahiyayavallabhaw) differently by explaining hiyaya by hitada, the lover of Rohiwi who did her mind good.
^ According to Stevenson: the red side of the retti seed.
® Or if we adopt a various reading, mentioned in the com¬ mentary, paya(^iya, we must translate: whose luminous glory was set forth by his thousand rays.
236 KALPA S(JTRA.
9. Then she saw a full vase of costly metal splendent with fine gold, filled with pure water, excellent, of brilliant beauty, and shining with a bouquet of water lilies. It united many excellencies and all-auspicious marks, and stood on a lotus- (shaped foot), shining with excellent jewels^. It delighted the eyes, glittered and illumined all about; it was the abode of happy Fortune, free from all faults, fine, splendid, exquisitely beautiful, entwined with a wreath of fragrant flowers of all seasons. (41) 10. Then she saw a lake, called Lotus Lake, adorned with water lilies. Its yellow water was perfumed by lotuses opening in the rays of the morn¬ ing sun; it abounded with swarms of aquatic animals, and fed fishes. It was large, and seemed to burn through the wide-spreading, glorious beauty of all kinds of lotu ses ®. I ts shape and beauty were pleasing. The lotuses in it were licked by whole swarms of gay bees and mad drones. Pairs of swans, cranes, Kakxavikas, ducks, Indian cranes, and many other lusty birds resorted to its waters, and on the leaves of its lotuses sparkled water-drops like pearls*. It was a sight, pleasing to the heart and the eye. (42) 11. Then she whose face was splendid like the ^ The original has ray ay a, silver, but as the commentary re¬ marks, this would be in conflict with the epithet which we have put next, but which, in the original, is separated from it by many lines. Unless the author has blundered, which from his vague style seems far from impossible, the word must here have a more indefinite meaning than it usually has.
“ This passage may also be translated: standing on a lotus filled with pollen, of excellent workmanship.
® Specialised in the text as kamula, kuvalaya, utpala, tamarasa, and puwifarika.
* According to the commentary; the textus receptus is, many water-drops.
moon in autumn, saw the milk-ocean, equalling in beauty the breast of Lakshmi, which is white like the mass of moon-beams. Its waters increased in all four directions, and raged with ever-changing and moving, excessively high waves. It presented a splendid and pleasant spectacle as it rushed to and from the shore with its wind-raised, changeable, and moving billows, its tossing waves, and its rolling, splendid, transparent breakers. From it issued camphor-white foam under the lashing (tails) of great porpoises, fishes, whales, and other monsters of the deep^. Its agitated waters were in great uproar, occasioned by the vortex Gangavarta, which the vehemence and force of the great rivers pro¬ duced; they rose, rushed onwards and backwards, and eddied. (43) 12. Then she saw a celestial abode excelling among the best of its kind, like the lotus (among flowers). It shone like the morning sun’s disk, and was of a dazzling beauty. Its thousand and eight excellent columns (inlaid with) the best gold and heaps of jewels diffused a brilliant light like a hea¬ venly lamp, and the pearls fastened to its curtains glittered. It was hung with brilliant divine garlands, and decorated with pictures of wolves, bulls, horses, men, dolphins, birds, snakes, Kinnaras, deer, 6'arabhas. Yaks, Sa/;2saktas elephants, shrubs, and plants. There the Gandharvas performed their concerts, and the din of the drums of the gods.
^ The original has timihgila-niruddha-tilitilika.
^ Sa»2sakta, which I do not find mentioned elsewhere, is ex¬ plained, ‘ a kind of beast of prey; ’ I think that sawsakta may be an adjective specifying the following word, and mean ‘ fighting ’ elephants.
imitating the sound of big and large rain-clouds, penetrated the whole inhabited world. It was highly delightful through curling, scented fumes of black aloe, the finest Kundurukka and Turushka, burning frankincense and other perfumes. It (shed) conti¬ nuous light, was white, of excellent lustre, delighting the best of gods, and affording joy and pleasure. (44) 13. Then she saw an enormous heap of jewels containing Pulaka, Va^ra, Indranila, Sasyaka, Karketana, Lohitdksha, Marakata, Prabila, Saugandhika, Spha/ika, Ha?«sagarbha, A^'ana, and A'andrakinta. Its base was on the level of the earth, and it illu¬ mined with its jewels even the sphere of the sky. It was high and resembled Mount Meru. (45) 14. And a fire. She saw a fire in vehement motion, fed with much-shining and honey-coloured ghee, smokeless, crackling, and extremely beautiful with its burning flames. The mass of its flames, which rose one above the other, seemed to inter¬ penetrate each other, and the blaze of its flames appeared to bake the firmament in some places. (46) After having seen these fine, beautiful, lovely, handsome dreams, the lotus-eyed queen awoke on her bed while the hair of her body bristled for joy.
Every mother of a Tirthakara sees these fourteen dreams in that night in which the famous Arhat enters her womb. (46 b) End of the Third Lecture.
When the Kshatriyi^f Trii-ali, having seen these fourteen illustrious, great dreams, awoke, she was glad, pleased, and joyful, &c. (see § 5, down to) rose from her couch, and descended from the footstool. Neither hasty nor trembling, with a quick and even