definition of, 418; revolutions and discoveries of, the cause of pleasure, 419; the soul of tragedy, ἐδ.; on the unity of, 422 et seg.; on the simple and complex, 426, 427; the various requisites of, 427, 428; the simple preferable to the two-fold, 431; precepts respecting, 434; example of, 2b.; on the incidents of, 437.
Fact, questions of, to be left to the judge, 5.
Fallacies of apparent enthymems, 192 et seq.
Fear, definition of, 121; on the nature and objects of, 121 δέ seg. closely allied to pity, 124.
Feeling essential to the poet, 441.
Feelings of delicacy and shame, disquisition on, 127 δὲ seg.
Flattery attended with pleasure, 76.
hi hai the, friendliness felt for, Fortunate, the, dispositions and characteristics of, 159.
Fortune, definitions of, 38, 150. Friendless, the, disposition of, for committing injustice, 84. Friendliness, definition of, 116; those to whom we entertain the feelings of, 116 e¢ seq.
Friends, number and excellence of, the difference defined, 38; mohi of, for committing injustice, Friendship, attended with pleasure, three kinds of, 119.
G.
Genders, on the proper distinction of, 221; remarks on, 454.
Generous, distinguished 4rom noble, Genius, high, ἃ special good, 41.
ἔλῶττα, use of, 209.
Good, to do and to receive, conducive to pleasure, 77.
fortune, definition of, 38.
—— old age, definition of, 38.
—— qualities, apparent, to be regarded as real, 62.
——— and expedient, the, propositions on the subjects of, 39 e¢ seq.; what is the greater degree of, 44 et seg.
Goods, internal and external, 34; indisputable, 40; disputable, 41.
Gorgias, saying of, 265.
Government, reasons for understanding the different forms of, 54 et seg.; the four forms defined, 55; ends of each, ἐδ.; the orator should know them, 56.
Gratitude, on the feelings of, 133 et seg.; the orator to invest the audience with feelings of, 135.
Great and small, on the subject of, Greater, as compared with less, 46 et seq.
Grief for another’s calamity is pity, Guilt, on the various degrees of, 92 et seq. ‘ Gymnastic excellence described, 37.
H.
Habits, definition of, 150.
Happiness, the object of mankind, 33; four definitions of, %.; opinion of the schools on, ἐδ. n.; a specific good, 40.
Harmony and rhythm, originate from imitation, 412.
Hatred, causes of, 120; six points of comparison between anger and, Health, the excellency of the body, 36; a specific good, 41.
Hearers, see Auditors.
Hegesippus, consults the oracle, 184.
Hero, character of the, to be moderately drawn, 43], 432.
Herodicus, expression of, 191. ον encomium passed on, Ὁ History, how it differs from poetry, and how it should be applied in, 423 et seq.
** Hobbes’ Brief of the Art of Rhe- Homer, passage from, 143; epic skill of, 422; genius of, 458, Honour, evidence of character, 35; a specific good, 41; attended with pleasure, 75.
—— men of, their motives for committing injustice, 88.
Hope, conducive to pleasure, 73.
Horror, distinct from pity, 139.
Hurt, explanation of, 88.
Husbandmen, friendliness felt for, Hyperbole, a sort of metaphor, 245 I, _Iambic metre, suitableness of, tc tragedy, 414; origin of, 415. Ideas, rules for recognising, 441. Iliad and Odyssey, difference between the, 460.
Ill-will, feeling of, 3. | Images, natural delight in, 412. Imitation, attended with pleasure, 77; the various objects of, in poetry, 409, 410; difference in the manner, 410, 411; the first natural taste for, in poetry, 412; harmony and rhythm originate from, 412, 413; respective merits of tragic and epic, 470 et seg. Imitative arts, different species of, Imports, questions of, to be familiar to the orator, 31.
Impossible, disquisition on the, 161 et seq.
Impudence, definition of, 127.
Imputations, topics for removing, 255 et seg.
Inconsistency, an element of the enthymem, 187, — Incontinence, the cause of injustice, 68; definition of, 82, lucontinent, the, disposition of, to commit injustice, 82.
Incredibility, an element of the enthymem, 188.
Indignation, on the nature, objects, and feelings of, 140 e¢ seg.
Individual, injustice to the, defined, Indolent, the, motives of, for committing injustice, 83.
{nduction, rhetorical, 21; an element of the enthymem, 183.
Inflections, an element of the entuymem derivable from, 179.
Injured, the, disposition of, for committing injustice, 83, 85; are objects of fear, 123.
Injury, definition of, 88.
Injustice, two causes of, 68; the motives of, ἐδ.; with what dispositions men commit it, 79 et seg.; various acts of, enumerated and defined, 86 et seg.; on the greater degrees of, 92 δέ seg.; an object of fear, 122.
Innocent, the, objects of fear, 127; sensible of shame, 130.
Insult, legal definition of, 88, 89.
Insulted virtue, an object of fear, Intemperance, illustration of, 128.
Interrogation, on the nature and use of, 267 et seg.
Iphicrates, encomium on himself, a 63; passages from, 181, 182, Ismenias, the orator, 183. Isocrates, passages from, 184, 185.
J.
Jason, a saying of, 85.
Jests, nature of, 241, Judge,the,not to be biassed by appeal. ing to thé passions, 3; laws not to be left to his discretion, 4; questions of fact to be left to him, 5; does not always fulfil the character. 6; necessity of investing him with a favourable feeling, 103 9 seq. Justice, a constituent of virtue, 58, K.
Καλὸν, τὸ, defined, 57; the various points of the, 59.
Κότταβος, amusement of the, 85, 2.
Kpitijs τοῦ νόμου κάνων, applic: tion of the metaphor, 3, ἢ.
Kuga, use of, 209 et ἢ.
L.
Lacedemonians, custom of wearing the hair among the, 62.
Language, purity of, necessary, 219 et seg.
γεν ie attended with pleasure, Law, forbids irrelevant matter, 7; the various objects of, 29, n.; questions of, 31; peculiar or universal, 67, 86; Demosthenes’ explanation of, ἐδ.» n.; written and unwritten, 89; on the violation of, 93; how the orator is to adapt it to his purpose, 94; one of the proofs necessary in judicial oratory, 94, 95; distinguished from deeds or compacts, 98.
Learning, attended with pleasure,77.
Legislation, questions of, 31; accounts of travellers useful to, 32.
Leodamus, sayings of, 48, 96.
Letters, one of the parts of diction, Liberality, a constituent of virtue, Locrians, law of retaliation among Logic, rhetoric the counterpart of, 1, 28; Zeno’s illustration of, 2, n.; how it differs from rhetoric, 10; ἀληθὲς the subject matter Logician, reasons why he may he the best rhetorician, 7.
Λόγος, explanation of, 14, a, Love, criterion of, 74.
M.
Magnanimity, a constituent of vir- Magnificence, a constituent of vir- Magnitude, the constituent’of beau- Manhood, dispositions and characteristics of, 155 et seq.
Mavixwtepa, remarks on, 157, n.
Mankind, characters of, 149.
Manners, definition of, 418, 419; not the end of. tragedy, 418; the various requisites of, 435 et seq.
Manlius, the orator, 189, aoe the inventors of, not known, Maxims, different kinds of, and their use, 169 et seg.; to be used in the proof and narration, 264.
Meanness, illustration of, 128.
Melopeia, a certain part of tragedy, Memory, conducive to pleasure, 73, 74; on recognition by, 439. **Menalippe the Wise,” tragedy of, Μέρος πρὸς μέρος, explanation of, Μεταφοραὶ, use of, 209.
Metaphors, on the nature and use productive of pleasure, 234; fourfold, 236; various instances of, 239; produce personification, 240; on the different species of, 450; exemplifications of, 452; means of employing them, 453, 456; critical objections to, answered, 467.
Metre, difference of from rhythm, Metres, mixed, obscurity of, 461.
Monarchy, a form of government, Monstrous, the, not tragic, 433.
Moral excellence, necessary for the orator, 104.
~——— sentiments, different kinds of, their use and advantage, 169 et seq.
Motives, an element of the enthyof injustice, causes of the, 68 et seq.
N.
Narration, on the nature and use of, 258 et seg.; to be made pathetic and moral, 261; least used in deliberative oratory, 262.
Narrow-minded, the, disposed to envy, 145.
Natural logic, illustration of, 2, ».
Nature, mankind impelled by, 70; conformity to, attended with pleasure, 77.
Necessity, acts of, painful, 73.
Noble, distinguished from generous, Nomes, a species of hymns to Apol- Nouns, one of the parts of diction, 449; the different species of, 450, O.
Oaths, one of the proofs necessary in judicial evidence, 100; their fourfold division, 100 e¢ seg.
Objections, fourfold, 198; of the critics answered, 463 e¢ seq.
Offspring, the excellence of a good, Oixeia, use of, 209.
Old Age, a specific good, 37; pase sions, habits, and characteristics of, 152 et seg.
Oligarchy, form of government, 55 Olympic victor, inscription of the, Oration, three things proposed by an, 24; three kinds of, ἐδ.; end peculiar to each, 25; illustration Orator, the object of the deliberative, 25; propositions necessary to, 26, 27, et seg.; objects at which he should aim in exhorting or dissuading, 33 et seg.; should advise on “‘ the means,” 39; should understand the different forms of government, 54 et seg.; virtue and vice the objects of, 57 et seg.; the number and nature of the sources out of which he must construct his reasonings, 67 et seg.; how he is to adapt the laws to his purpose, 94; three requisites necessary for his gaining belief, φρόνησις, ἀρετὴ, and εὔνοια, 104; by exciting envy he will remove pity, 147; fables suited to, 167.
Oratory, strictures on previous systems of, 2; judicial preferred to deliberative, 5; five occasions for the employment of, 29; war and peace, 30; demonstrative and deliberative, 64; judicial, 67; five proofs peculiar to, 94; some topics common to all the species of, 160; deliberative more difficult than judicial, 264.
P.
Pean, use of the, 227, 228. Painter, objects of the, 423, n. Painting, attended with pleasure, 77; objects of imitation in, 409; comparisons with, necessary, Pamphilus, the orator, 188. Panegyric, before whom pronounced to be considered, 63; to show that the object of, has acted on principle, 64. Paradoxes, nature of, 241. Parodos, a part of the chorus, 429. Particles, on the proper use of, Passions, on undue appeals to the, 3. of the young, disquisition on the, 149 et seg. Pathos, necessity of, in fable, 428. Peculiar, use of the term, 22. Pericles, saying of, 52; simile of, Periods, on the management of, Perjury, definition of, 102.
Peroration, not always necessary, 250; on the nature and use of Personification, on the characters istics and advantages of, 239 et seg.
Perspicuity, advantages of, 207, n.
Persuasion, how effected, 12; object of, in oratory, 33; means of, Philip of Macedon, argument of Iphicrates against, 181.
Philocrates, anecdote of, 114, Φορτικὸν, explained, 204, n.
Photagoras, sophistry of, 197.
Φρόνιμοι, oi, explanation of, 130, n.
Πίστεις, defined, 11, 12, x; subdivision of, 14; remarks on the term, 94, n.
Πίστις, uncertain signification of, 2,.; neglect of the, 3.
ν τῷ ἤθει τοῦ λέγοντος, discussion of the, 103.
Pity, feeling of, 3; closely allied to fear, 124; definition of, 136; disquisition on, 136 e¢ seg.; horror distinct from, 139; indignation and envy opposed to, 140, 141; leading principles of, 154; how produced, 432 et seg.
Placability, persons susceptible of, and the occasions on which it is ΤῊΣ 112 et seg.; definition of, Places, use of the expression, 22.
Plato, saying of, 97.
Pleader, business of a, 3, 6.
Pleasure, a specific good, 40; mo« tives comprehended in, 71; what conduces to, 72; definition of, ib.; the various sources which contribute to, 7b. et seq.
Plot, definition of a, 420; application of unity to, 422; the poet’s object rather than the metre, 425; episodic the worst, ἐδ.; essentials for, in tragedy, 430 et seg.; on recognition in and discovery, 438 “«ἰ seqg.; rules for realizing ideas, 441; general sketch of tonn formed, 442.
Poet, etymology of the name, 408.
Poetic, Aristotle’s, Questions on, 473—-477; Analysis of, with the original Definitions, 478—487.
Poetry, attended with pleasure, 77; ' 8} imitative art, 407 δέ seg.; its influence and different species of, ἐδ.; the various objects of imitation, 409; difference of, according tc the manner of imitating, 410, 411; the causes and progress of, 412 et seg.; how it differs from history, and how historical matter should be used in, 423 et seg.; different words suited to each kind of, 456, 457; on the Epic, 458; false reasonings respecting, 462.
Poets, means employed by different kinds of, 409; should feel what they write, 441.
Politics, rhetoric an offshoot of,. 13.
Polus, expression of, 191.
Polycrates, the sophist, 195.
Possible and impossible, disquisition on the, 161 e¢ seg.
Poverty, a motive for committing wrong, 82.
Power, attended with pleasure, 78; dispositions and characteristics of men in, 159.
Powerful, the, disposition of, for committing injustice, 80.
Praise and blame, from what considerations derived, 57.
Prelude, explained, 251.
Probability, reasonings derived from, 199; on the contingencies Prologue, explained, 251; a part of tragedy, 429.
Proofs, on the nature of, and their various sources, 262 et seg.; peculiar to judicial oratory, five in number, 94.
Property, essentials of, 35.
Propositions necessary to the orator, 26, 27, et seq.
Πρόσφατοι, judicial witnesses, 96 Proverbs, one of the proofs necessary in judicial oratory, 96; a sort of metaphor, 245.
Provisions, a knowledge of imports and exports of, necessary to the judicial orator, 31.
Prudence, a constituent of virtue, 59; necessary for the orator, 104, Punctuation, critical objections to, answered, 467.
Puns, nature of, 242, 243.
Purity of language, necessity of, 219 et seq.
Q.
Questions, on the nature and use of. in legal proof, 267 e¢ seg.
R.
Reasoning, forms of, 22; derived from four sources, 199; on recognition by, 439.
Recognition, on the different kinds of, in the development of plot, Refutation, an element of the enthymem, 189; more in repute than the confirmative, 191.
—— enthymems to be preferred, Relatives, an element of the enthy- Reprehension, when correct, 470.
Revenge, is honourable, 61; sophistry of, ἐδ., ἢ.; attended with pleasure, 75.
Revolution, definition of, in fable, 427; feelings excited by the, 428.
Rhetoric, the counterpart of logic, 1, 28; Plato’s opinion of, ἐδ.; can be reduced to a system, 2; strictures of previous systems, ἐδ.; Zeno’s illustration of, ἐδ.» n.; enthymem the proof of, 7; utility of, %., 8; obiections against tlie abuse of, answered, 9; end and duty of, ἐδ.; how it differs from logic, 10; definition of, 11 e¢ seg.; an offshoot of dialectics and politics, 13, 29; three kinds of, 24, 25; to be treated as a science, 9; on the various parts of, 203 et seg.; its influence, 205; a distinct style appropriate to each species of, 246 et seg.
Rhetoric, Aristotle’s, ‘ Analytical Questions on,’’ 347—384; ‘* Appendix to the Analysis, containing the original Definitions,” 385— —— “ Hobbes’ Brief of the Art of,” Rhetorician, reasons why the logician may excel him, 7.
Rhythm, on the nature and varieties of, 226 et seg.; its difference from metre, 412, ἢ.
Rich, the, objects of fear, 126.
Ridicule, on the nature and use of, 267 et seq.
Rivals, objects of fear, 123; likely to be envied, 146.
5.
Safeguard of the country, questions respecting the, 31.
Sappho, quotation from, 60.
Satyric drama, origin of, 414, νι.
Σχήματα λέξεως, on the meaning Science, takes cognisance of its peculiar truths, 49.
Sculpture, attended with pleasure, Tas Selfishness, freedom from, honourable, 60.
Σημεῖον, definition of, 17 et 86. ἢ enthymems deduced from, 17; reasonings derived from, 199.
Senses, the, an element of the enthymem, 183.
Sentences, one of the parts of dictior 450.
INDEX Sentiment, definition of, 418, 419, on the use of, in tragedy, 446. Shame, definition of, 127; illustrations of, 130 et seg.
Similes, on the nature and use of, 217 et seg.; instances of, 218; effect of, 235; a sort of metaphor, Simonides, verses of, 43; epitaph by, 63; poem of, noticed, 214. Sincere, the, friendliness felt for, Socrates, saying of, 63; conclusive reasoning of, 268.
Σόλοικοι, use of the word, 157, n.
Solon, saying of, 96.
Solution, should arise from the fa- Soothsayers, judicial witnesses of the future, 96.
Σοφιστὴς explained, 10, n.
Sophists, character of, 10, 11; dise putations of the, 196.
Sophocles, sentiment of, 87: saying of, 92; passages from, 95, 191. Sorrow, attended with pleasure, 75. Speaking, different means of persuading by, 12; importance of the manner of, 12, ”.; various styles of, 14.
Speaker, duties of the first and last, 266; character of the, how conyeyed, 267.
Speech, three points in a, πίστις, λέξις, and τάξις, 203; three things requisite, μέγεθος, ἁρμονία, and ῥύθμος, 204; delivery of a, 205; on the various parts of a, Stasimon, a part of the chorus, 429.
Stature, excellencies of, 37; qualities of, 7b.
Stilbon, the orator, 183.
Strength, definition of, 37.
Style, excellence of, defined, 207; disquisition on, ἐφ. δέ seg.; on the frigidity of, 214 et seg.; on the purity of, 219 et seg.; general rules for, 221, 225; on elevation of, 222 et seg.; what is the most becoming, 224 et seg.; necessity of rhythm, 226; the continuous, 229; the reflex, 230; management of periods in, 232; on the elegancies and beauties of, 234 et seg.; the three requisites, 236; a distinct one appropriate to each kind of rhetoric, 246 et seg.; deliberative and judicial, 248.
Successful, the, likely to be envied, 146, Syllables, one of the parts of diction, 448.
Syllogism, definition of, 14.
Systems of oratory, strictures on, 2.
τ.
Talented, the, motives of, for committing injustice, 83.
Tattlers, sensible of shame, 131.
Τεκμήριον, definition of, 20, 21; reasonings derived from, 199, Temperance, a constituent of vir- Terrible, definition of the, 426.
Terror, how produced, 432 et seg.
Theft, legal definition of, 88, 89.
Themistocles, expression of, 96.
Theodectes the tragedian and ora- Θορυβοῦνται, mistake in the sense Time, an element of the enthymem, Topics, necessary for removing aspersions, 255 et seg.
Toro, use of the word, 22.
Torture, one of the proofs necessary in judicial oratory, 100 Tragedy, an imitative art, 407; origin of, 413; A®schylus and Sophocles improve it, 414; suitableness of Iambic metre to, ἐδ.; similarity of, to epic poetry, 416; on the form and end of, ἐδ. et seqg.; definition of, ἐδ.; of the six parts in, 418; fable the soul of, 419; on the requisites and length of action in, 420 δέ seg.; real names retained in, 424; on the various parts of, the prologue, episode, exode, and chorus, 428, 429; essentials for a plot, 430 et seg.; a happy conclusion preferred, 432; the proper pleasure to be derived from, 433; requisites of manners in, 435 et seg.; on complication and development, 443; four species of, 443, 444; not to be made an epic system, 444; on the diction and sentiments of, 446; necessity for the wonderful, 461; merit of imitation in, as compared with the epic, 470 et seg.; reasons for the superiority of, 472.
Travellers, accounts of, useful to legislation, 32.
“‘Tyro”’ of Sophocles, tragedy of, U.
Ulysses, on the pretended insanity Unity, explanation of, 421, n.; of the fable, 422; one of the paris of diction, 450.
Unjust, disposition of the, for committing wrong, 84.
Ὑποδύεται, note on, 13, ἢ.
Ὑποκριτὴς, various meanings of.
Υ.
Vanity, illustration of, 129, Variety attended with pleasure, 77.
Vengeance, when to be taken, 114.
Verbs, one of the parts of diction, Vexatiousness, definition of, 106, Vice and virtue, the subject discussed, 57 e¢ seg.
Victory attended with pleasure, 75.
Virtue, is honourable, 38, 57; cons stituents of, 58.
--— and. vice, the objects of the orator, 57 et seg.
Virtues, the, a spevific good, 40; an object of emulation, 148. Vulgar, natural logic of the, 2, n.
Ὗ.
Want, a motive for committing wrong, 82.
War and peace, questions of, 30.
Water the best of things, 48.
Wealth, constituents of, 35; ἃ specific good, 41; dispositions consequent on, 157, 158.
Will, motive of the, 71.
Wisdom, attended with pleasure, Wise, the, disposed to envy, 145. Witnesses, one of the proofs necessary in judicial oratory, 96, 97. Wonderful, the, necessary in tragedy and epic, 461.
Words, on the proper and different 457; on the beauty of, 213; on the invention, extension, contraction, and changes of, 453; on the various kinds of, 454.
Wronged, the, objects of fear, 123.
X.
Xenophanes, the orator, sayings of, Y.
Youth, on the passions and habits of, 149 et seg.
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