43. 'How the worlds were arranged was said to thee first, O Zarathu^tra! Zarathu^'tra said it again to the young king Vii-taspa; therefore do thou ^ praise him *^ who keeps and maintains the moon and the sun.
* The supervision and care, * See § 27.
^ Thou Vutaspa. " Ahura Mazda.
' He who has little friendship for the Law, I have placed him down below to suffer.'
44. Thus said Angra Mainyu, he who has no Glory in him, who is full of death: ' This is an unbeliever, let us throw him down below; this is a liar, or a traitor to his relatives, and like a mad dog who wounds cattle and men; but the dog v^^ho inflicts wounds pays for it as for wilful murder ^.
' The first time he shall smite a faithful man, the first time he shall wound a faithful man, he shall pay for it as for wilful murder.
'Ashem Voh^: Holiness is the best of all good...VII.
45. * Mayest thou receive ^ O holy young king Vii-taspa! (a house) with a hundred...^ ten thousand large windows, ten thousand small windows, all the year long ^, O holy Vi-ftaspa! never growing old, never dying, never decaying, never rotting, giving plenty of meat, plenty of food, plenty of clothes to the other worshippers of Mazda.
46. ' May all boons be bestowed upon thee, as I proclaim it unto thee! May the Amesha-Spe/ztas impart to thee their brightness and glory and plenty ^' May they give him quick and swift horses and good sons, strong, great in all things, powerful to sing the hymns.
' See Vend. XIII, 31.
2 In Paradise; see Vend. XVIII, 28, text and note. ^ Satayare: that stands a hundred years (?). The Vend. XVIII, 28 has 'with a hundred columns.' * Uninjured by the changes of temperature.
VI5TASP VAST. 341 47. 'He wields his power according to the wish of Ahura Mazda, the Good Spirit, and for the destruction of the Evil Spirit, whichever of two men goes quicker to perform a sacrifice (to Ahura); but if he chooses to perform the sacrifice and prayer to us not in the right way, he does not wield the right power, he will not reign ^.
48. ' He will receive bad treatment in the next world, though he has been the sovereign of a country, with good horses to ride and good chariots to drive. Give royalty to that man, O Zarathui'tra! who gives royalty unto thee with good will ^.
49 ^ ' Thou shalt keep away the evil by this holy spell: " Of thee [O child!] I will cleanse the birth and growth; of thee [O woman!] I will make the body and the strength pure; I make thee a woman rich in children and rich in milk; a woman rich in seed, in milk, and in offspring. For thee I shall make springs run and flow towards the pastures that will give food to the child."
50. ' Do not deliver me ^ into the hands of the fiend ^; if the fiend take hold of me, then fever with loss of all joy will dry up the milk of the good Spe;2ta-Armaiti ^ The fiend is powerful to distress, and to dry up the milk of the woman who indulges in lust and of all females.
51. 'The perfume of fire, pleasant to the Maker, ^ In Paradise (Pahl. Comm.).
2 Doubtful. ' Cf. Vend. XXI, 6-7.
* The Law.
^ That is to say, let not impiety prevail.
« If impiety prevails, the earth will grow barren (cf. Vend. XVIII, 64).
Ahura Mazda, takes them ^ away from afar;...^; and all those that harm the creation of the Good Spirit are destroyed 3; 52. 'Whom Mithra, and Rashnu Razi^ta, and the Law of the worshippers of Mazda wish to be taken far away, longing for a man who is eager to perform and does perform the ceremonies he has been taught;...^ 'Ashem Vohu: Holiness is the best of all good.. •.
VHP.
53. 'The words of the Vahii-toi^ti "^ Gatha are to be sung: " Happy is he, O holy ViMspa! happy the man, whoever he be, to whom Ahura Mazda gives the full accomplishment of his wishes."
' Where does his soul abide on that night '? ' 54. Ahura Mazda answered: ' O my son, Frashaortra! It takes its seat near the head, singing the U^tavaiti Gatha and proclaiming happiness: " Happy is he, happy the man whoever he be! " ' On the first night, his soul sits in Good Words ^; 1 The demons (see Vend. VIII, 80).
2 Noi/ ta/ paiti vohu mano katha sisraya aya-^a. The Pahlavi Commentary has: ' That is to say, good will happen to thee through the good will of Atar (fire).'
2 Te >^inashanya (W.; — read tae/^'a nashanya?); aigh harvaspin beshitaran min spinak minoi daman Ivit apetak avin yahvunit (Pahl. Comm.).
* Yatha ya/ te fravaoiami (fravao/^ama,W.) puthro berethya/ sairimananam (sairi mananam,W.) bakhedhrai (translated as hakhedhrai: dostih, friendship).
^ This chapter is borrowed, though slightly altered, from Yt. XXII.
« Read u.rtavaiti (?cf. § 54 andYt. XXII, 2): the Vahi.yt6i.rti Gatha is the fifth and last Gatha.
'' On the night of his departmg.
^ Not in the Good- Word Paradise, to which he will go later K VI5TASP YAST. 343 on the second night, it sits in Good Deeds; on the third night, it goes along the ways (to Garo-nmina).
55. 'At the end of the third night, O my son, Frashaoi^tra! when the dawn appears, it seems to the soul of the faithful one as if it were brought amidst plants [and scents: it seems as if a wind were blowing from the region of the south, from the regions of the south] \ a sweet-scented wind, sweeter-scented than any other wind in the world, and it seems to his soul as if he were inhalino- that wind with the nose, and it asks, saying: " Whence does that wind blow, the sweetest-scented wind I ever inhaled with my nose r 56. ' And it seems to him as if his own conscience were advancing to him in that wind, in the shape of a maiden fair, bright, white-armed, strong, tallformed, high-standing, thick-breasted, beautiful of body, noble, of a glorious seed, of the size of a maid in her fifteenth year, as fair as the fairest things in the world.
57. 'And the soul of the faithful one addressed her, asking: " What maid art thou, who art the fairest maid I have ever seen?"
58. ' And she, being his own conscience, answers him: " O thou youth, of good thoughts, good words, and good deeds, of good religion! I am thy own conscience.
* " Everybody did love thee for that greatness, goodness, fairness, sweet-scentedness, victorious strength, and freedom from sorrow, in which thou (§ 61). but in the thought and delightful remembrance of his good words (cf. Yt. XXII, 2).
1 Supplied from Yt. XXII, 7.
344 VA5'TS AND siROZAHS.
dost appear to me; [and so thou, O youth of good thoughts, good v/ords, and good deeds, of good rehgion! didst love me for that greatness, goodness, fairness, sweet-scentedness, victorious strength, and freedom from sorrow, in which I appear to thee.
59. ' " When thou wouldst see a man ^] making derision and deeds of idolatry, or rejecting (the poor) and shutting (his door), then, thou wouldst sit, singing the Gathas, and worshipping the good waters, and Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda, and rejoicing the faithful that would come from near or from afar.
60. ' " I was lovely, and thou madest me still lovelier; I was fair, and thou madest me still fairer; I was desirable, and thou madest me still more desirable; I was sitting in a forward place, and thou madest me sit in the foremost place, through this good thought, through this good speech, through this good deed of thine; and so henceforth men worship me for my having long sacrificed unto and conversed with Ahura Mazda."
61. * The first step that the soul of the faithful man made, placed him in the Good-Thought Paradise; the second step that the soul of the faithful man made, placed him in the Good- Word Paradise; the third step that the soul of the faithful man made, placed him in the Good-Deed Paradise; the fourth step that the soul of the faithful man made, placed him in the Endless Light.
62. 'Then one of the faithful, who had departed before him, asked, saying: " How didst thou depart this life, thou holy man? How didst thou come, ' FromYt. XXII, 12-13.
vts'TASP YAST. 345 thou holy man! from the abodes full of cattle and full of the wishes and enjoyments of love? from the material world into the world of the spirit? from the decaying world into the undecaying one? How long did thy felicity last? " ' 63. And Ahura Mazda answered: 'Ask him not what thou askest him, who has just gone the dreary way, full of fear and distress, when the body and the soul part from one another.
64. ' [Let him eat] of the food brought to him, of the oil of Zaremaya: this is the food for the youth of good thoughts, of good words, of good deeds, of good religion, after he has departed this life; this is the food for the holy woman, rich in good thoughts, good words, and good deeds, well-principled, and obedient to her husband, after she has departed this life.'
65. Spitama Zarathui"tra said to the young king Vii-taspa: ' To what land shall I turn, O Ahura Mazda? To whom shall I go with praying V Ashem Vohu: Holiness is the best of all good...^ This clause, taken from Yt. XXII, 20, shows that the second part ofYt. XXII (§§ 19-36), describing the fate of the wicked, should be inserted here.
NYAYI5.
NYAYI5.
A Nyayi^ is properly a begging prayer, as opposed to Sitayij, a prayer of praise. It is a term particularly applied to five prayers addressed to the Sun, to Mithra, to the Moon, to Waters, and to Fire. Every layman over eight years old is bound to recite the Nyayij: he recites it standing and girded with his Kosti.
The Sun Nyayij is recited three times a day, at the rising of the sun (Gah Havan), at noon (Gah Rapitvin), and at three o'clock in the afternoon (Gah Uziren). The Mithra Nyayix is recited with the Sun Nyayij, as IMithra follows the sun in its course (see The Moon Nyayij is recited three times a month: first, at the time when it begins to be seen; second, when it is at the full; third, when it is on the wane.
The Waters Nyayii- and the Fire Nyayij are recited every day, when one finds oneself in the proximity of those elements. The Fire Nyayij is recited with the Penom on (see Vend. p. 168, 7).
The first four Nyayij must be recited especially on the days over which the Izads invoked preside; that is to say, on the Khorshe^/, Mihir, Mah, and Aban days (the eleventh, sixteenth, twelfth, and tenth days of the month) \ I. [Hail unto the Sun, the swift-horsed! May Ahura Mazda be rejoiced ^I] ^ Anquetil, Zend-Avesta II, pp. 6, 22, 565-566. '^ This clause is wanting in most n:\anuscripts.
A 3 50 NYAYIS.
Hail unto thee, O Ahura Mazda, in the threefold way^l [Hail unto thee] before all other creatures!
Hail unto you, O Amesha-Spe;^tas, who are all of you of one accord with the Sun!
May this prayer come unto Ahura Mazda! May it come unto the Amesha-Spe;^tas! May it come unto the Fravashis of the holy Ones! May it come unto the Sovereign Vayu of the long Period ^1 2. [Hail unto the Sun, the swift-horsed!]
May Ahura Mazda be rejoiced! May Angra Mainyu be destroyed! by those who do truly what is the foremost wish (of God). I recite the ' Praise of Holiness-.'
3. I praise well-thought, well-spoken, and well-done thoughts, words, and deeds. I embrace all good thoughts, good words, and good deeds; I reject all evil thoughts, evil words, and evil deeds \ 4. I give sacrifice and prayer unto you, O Amesha- Spe7«tas! even with the fulness of my thoughts, of my words, of my deeds, and of my heart: I give unto you even my own life.
1 recite the 'Praise of Holiness^:' ' Ashem Vohii: Holiness is the best of all good. Well is it for it, well is it for that holiness which is perfection of holiness *! ' 5^ Hail to Ahura Mazda!
Hail to the Amesha-Spe;nas!
Hail to Mithra, the lord of wide pastures!
Hail to the Sun, the swift-horsed!
Hail to the two eyes of Ahura Mazda!
Hail to the Bull!
Hail to Gaya^!
^ In thought, speech, and deed (Pers. and Sansk. transl).
2 Vayu, as being the same with Fate (Vend. Introd. IV, 17), became identified with Time.
* Gaya Maretan, the first man.
Hail to the Fravashi of the holy Spitama Zarathui-tra!
Hail to the whole of the holy creation that was, is, or will be!
May I grow in health of body through Vohu-Mano, Khshathra, and Asha, and come to that luminous space, to that highest of all high things \ when the world, O Spey^ta Mainyu! has come to an end!
Ashem Vohil: Holiness is the best of all good...6. We sacrifice unto the bright, undying, shining, swift-horsed Sun.
We sacrifice unto Mithra, the lord of wide pastures, who is truth-speaking, a chief in assemblies, with a thousand ears.well-shapen, with ten thousand eyes, high, with full knowledge, strong, sleepless, and ever awake ^.
7. We sacrifice unto Mithra, the lord of all countries, whom Ahura Mazda made the most glorious of all the gods in the world unseen ^.
So may Mithra and Ahura, the two great gods, come to us for help!
We sacrifice unto the bright, undying, shining, swift-horsed Sun.
8. We sacrifice unto Tii-trya, whose sight is sound *.
We sacrifice unto Ti^trya; we sacrifice unto the rains of Ti^trya^.
We sacrifice unto Ti^trya, bright and glorious.
We sacrifice unto the star Vana;^^f^ made by Mazda.
^ The sun: 'May my soul arrive at the sun-region 1' (Pahl. transl.) 2 Yt. X, 7. 3 In heaven. * See Yt. VIII, 12, note 7.
5 See Yt.VIII, 12, note 2. * See Yt. XX.
352 NYAYIS-.
We sacrifice unto Ti^trya, the bright and glorious star.
We sacrifice unto the sovereign sky.
We sacrifice unto the boundless Time.
We sacrifice unto the sovereign Time of the long Period.
We sacrifice unto the beneficent, well-doing Wind.
We sacrifice unto the most upright Arista \ made by Mazda and holy.
We sacrifice unto the good Law of the worshippers of Mazda.
We sacrifice unto the way of content^.
We sacrifice unto the golden instruments We sacrifice unto Mount Saoka/^ta, made by Mazda \ 9. We sacrifice unto all the holy gods of the world unseen.
We sacrifice unto all the holy gods of the material world.
We sacrifice unto our own soul.
We sacrifice unto our own Fravashi.
We sacrifice unto the good, strong, beneficent Fravashis of the holy Ones.
We sacrifice unto the bright, undying, shining, swift-horsed Sun.
10. I confess myself a worshipper of Mazda, a follower of Zarathu5'tra...1 See Yt. XVI. ^ Qr, of pleasure.
^ ' On Mount Saoka«ta there is a golden tube coming from the root of the earth; the water that is on the surface of the earth goes up through the hole of that tube to the heavens, and being driven by the wind, spreads everywhere, and thus the dew is produced' (Sansk. transl.).
MIHIR NYAYIS-. 353 Unto the bright, undying, shining, swift-horsed Sun; Be propitiation, with sacrifice, prayer, propitiation, and glori- Ashem Vohu: Holiness is the best of all good...[We sacrifice] unto the Ahurian waters ^ the waters of Ahura, with excellent libations, with finest libations, with libations piously strained ^.
Ashem Vohu: Holiness is the best of all good...[Give] unto that man brightness and glory, give him health of body,...give him the bright, all-happy, blissful abode of the holy Ones.
II. MIHIR NYAYI^-.
I*. Hail unto thee, O Ahura IMazda, in the threefold way! [Hail unto thee] before all other creatures!
Hail unto you, O Amesha-Spewtas, who are all of you of one accord with the Sun!
INIay this prayer come unto Ahura IMazda! INIay it come unto the Amesha-Spewtas! May it come unto the Fravashis of the holy Ones! ]\Iay it come unto the sovereign Vayu of the long Period!
2. May Ahura Mazda be rejoiced!...3. I praise well-thought, well-spoken, and well-done thoughts, words, and deeds...4. I give sacrifice and prayer unto you, O Amesha-Spewtas!...5. Hail to Ahura Mazda I...May I grow in health of body through Vohu-Mano, Khshathra, and Asha, and come to that luminous space, to that highest of all high things, when the world, O Spewta Mainyu, has come to an end!
6^ We sacrifice unto Mithra, the lord of wide pastures, who is truth-speaking, a chief in assembHes, with a thousand ears, well-shapen, with ten thousand ^ The whole of the Kh6rshe<f Ya^t is inserted here. ^ Rivers considered as Ahura's wives (cf. Ormazd et Ahriman, 354 NYAYW.
eyes, high, with full knowledge, strong, sleepless, and ever awake.
7. We sacrifice unto Mithra, the lord of all countries, whom Ahura Mazda made the most glorious of all the heavenly gods.
So may Mithra and Ahura, the two great gods, come to us for help!
We sacrifice unto the undying, shining, swifthorsed Sun.
8 ^. We sacrifice unto Tij-trya, whose sight is sound...9. We sacrifice unto all the holy gods of the world unseen...10 ^ I confess myself a worshipper of Mazda, a follower of Zarathu-ftra...11^ We sacrifice unto Mithra, the lord of wide pastures, who is truth-speaking, a chief in assemblies, with a thousand ears, well-shapen, with a thousand eyes, high, with full knowledge, strong, sleepless, and ever awake.
We sacrifice unto the Mithra around countries; We sacrifice unto the Mithra within countries; We sacrifice unto the Mithra in this country; We sacrifice unto the Mithra above countries; We sacrifice unto the Mithra under countries; We sacrifice unto the Mithra before countries; We sacrifice unto the Mithra behind countries.
12. We sacrifice unto Mithra and Ahura, the two great, imperishable, holy gods; and unto the stars, and the moon, and the sun, with the trees that yield baresma. We sacrifice unto Mithra, the lord of all countries.
1 3''. For his brightness and glory, I will offer unto him a sacrifice worth being heard...1 §§ 8-9 = Kh6rsha^ Nyayij, §§ 8-9. ^ Yt. X, o.
MAH NYAYI.S. 355 We offer up libations unto Mithra...14. May he come to us for help! May he come to us for ease!...15. I will offer up libations unto him, the strong Yazata, the powerful Mithra...Yenhe hatfim: AUthose beings of whom Ahura IMazda...16 \ Yatha ahu vairyo: The will of the Lord is the law of holiness...I bless the sacrifice and prayer, and the strength and vigour of Mithra...Ashem Vohfi: Holiness is the best of. all good...[Give] unto that man brightness and glory,...give him the bright, all-happy, blissful abode of the holy Ones.
III. MAH NYAYI^-.
I ^. Hail to Ahura Mazda I Hail to the Amesha-Spewtas! Hail to the Moon that keeps in it the seed of the Bull 1 Hail to thee when we look at thee! Hail to thee when thou lookest at us!
2^ Unto the Moon that keeps in it the seed of the Bull; unto the only-created Bull and unto the Bull of many species; Be propitiation...3. Hail to Ahura Mazda!...4. How does the moon wax? How does the moon wane?...5. We sacrifice unto the Moon that keeps in it the seed of the Bull 6. And when the light of the moon waxes warmer...
7. I will sacrifice unto the Moon...8. For its brightness and glory...9. Yatha ahil vairyo: The will of the Lord is the law of holiness...lo*. Give us strength and victory! Give us welfare in cattle and in bread! Give us a great number of male children, praisers [of God] and chiefs in assemblies, who smite and are not smitten, who smite at one stroke their enemies, who smite at one stroke their foes, ever in joy and ready to help.
35^ NYAYI5.
1 1. Ye gods of full Glory, ye gods of full healing, let your greatness become manifest! let your assistance become manifest as soon as you are called for! and ye, Waters, manifest your Glory, and impart it to the man who offers you a sacrifice.
Ashem Vohu: Holiness is the best of all good...[Give] unto that man brightness and glory,...give him the bright, all-happy, blissful abode of the holy Ones.
IV. ABAN NYAYI^-.
I. May Ahura Mazda be rejoiced!...Unto the good Waters, made by Mazda; unto the holy water-spring Ardvi Anahita; unto all waters, made by Mazda; unto all plants, made by Mazda, Be propitiation ^...
2 ^. Ahura Mazda spake unto Spitama Zarathujtra, saying: ' Offer up a sacrifice, O Spitama Zarathu^tra! unto this spring of mine, Ardvi Sura Anahita...3. 'Who makes the seed of all males pure, who makes the womb of all females pure for bringing forth...4. 'The large river, known afar, that is as large as the whole of the waters that run along the earth...5. 'All the shores of the sea Vouru-Kasha are boiling over, all the middle of it is boiling over, when she runs down there...6. 'From this river of mine alone flow all the waters that spread all over the seven Karshvares; 7. * I, Ahura Mazda, brought it down with mighty vigour, for the increase of the house, of the borough, of the town, of the country^.
8. ' He from whom she will hear the staota yesnya'^; he from whom she will hear the Ahuna ATA5 NYAYI5. 357 vairya^ he from whom she will hear the Ashavahi^ta^; he by whom the good waters, will be made pure; with the words of the holy hymns \ he will enter first the Gar6-nmana of Ahura Mazda: she will give him the boons asked for*.
95. ' For her brightness and glory, I will offer her a sacrifice worth being heard; I will offer her a sacrifice well-performed. Thus mayest thou advise us when thou art appealed to! Mayest thou be most fully worshipped.
' We sacrifice unto the holy Ardvi Sflra Anahita with libations. We sacrifice unto Ardvi Siira Anahita, the holy and master of holiness, with the Haoma and meat, with the baresma, with the wisdom of the tongue, with the holy spells, with the words, with the deeds, with the libations, and with the rightly-spoken words.
'Ye«he hatam: All those beings of whom Ahura Mazda...10. ' Yatha ahu vairyo: The will of the Lord is the law of holiness...' I bless the sacrifice and prayer, and the strength and vigour of the holy water-spring Anahita.
' [Give] unto that man brightness and glory,...give him the bright, all-happy, blissful abode of the holy Ones.'
V. Ata^- nyAyi5.
I ^ Take me out \ O Ahura! give me perfect piety and strength...4^ May Ahura Mazda be rejoiced!...^ The Yatha ahft vairyo prayer, "^ The Ashem Vohij prayer.
3 Cf. Yt. XXII, 2, and Yt. XXIV, 39.
' Deliver me from Ahriman ' (Pahl. Comm.). ^ As in Ormazd Ya^t, o.
n 58 NYAYI5.
Hail unto thee, O Fire, son of Ahura Mazda, thou beneficent and most great Yazata!
^ Ash em Vohu: Holiness is the best of all good...I confess myself a worshipper of Mazda...For sacrifice, prayer, propitiation, and glorification...Unto Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda; unto thee Atar, son of Ahura Mazda!
5I Unto Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda; unto the Glory and the Weal, made by Mazda; unto the Glory of the Aryas, made by Mazda; unto the Glory of the Kavis, made by Mazda.
Unto Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda; unto king Husravah; unto the lake of Husravah; unto Mount Asnava;^/*, made by Mazda; unto Lake A'ae/C'asta, made by Mazda; unto the Glory of the Kavis, made by Mazda.
6. Unto Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda; unto Mount Raeva;//, made by Mazda; unto the Glory of the Kavis, made by Mazda.
Unto Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda.
Unto Atar, the beneficent, the warrior; the God who is a full source of Glory, the God who is a full source of healing.
Unto Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda, with all Atars; unto the God Nairyo-sangha, who dwells in the navel of kings; Be propitiation, with sacrifice, prayer, propitiation, and glorification.
Yatha ahft vairyo: The will of the Lord is the law of holiness...7 2. I bless the sacrifice and invocation, and the ^ §§7-i6=Yasna LXII, i-io (LXI). See the Sanskrit translation in Etudes Iraniennes, II.
AT AS NYAYW. 359 good offering, the beneficent offering, the offering of assistance offered unto thee, O Atar, son of Ahura Mazda!
Thou art worthy of sacrifice and invocation; mayest thou receive the sacrifice and the invocation in the houses of men.
Well may it be unto the man who ever worships thee with a sacrifice, holding the sacred wood in his hand, the baresma in his hand, the meat in his hand, the mortar ^ in his hand, 8. Mayest thou have the right ^ wood! Mayest thou have the right incense! Mayest thou have the right food! Mayest thou have the right fuel ^ I Mayest thou be full-grown for protecting (this house)! Mayest thou grow excellent for protecting!
9. Mayest thou burn in this house! Mayest thou ever burn in this house! Mayest thou blaze in this house! Mayest thou increase in this house! Even for a long time, till the powerful restoration of the world, till the time of the good, powerful restoration of the world!
10. Give me, O Atar, son of Ahura Mazda! lively welfare, lively maintenance, lively living; fulness of welfare, fulness of maintenance, fulness of life; Knowledge, sagacity; quickness of tongue; (holiness of) soul; a good memory; and then the understanding that goes on growing and the one that is not acquired through learning*; ^ The mortar for pounding the Haoma.
"^ In quality and quantity.
^ Upasayeni: what is added to keep up the fire when lighted (Pers. transl.).
* The gaosh6-srfita khratu and the asna khratu (see p. 7, note i).
360 NYAYW.
And then the manly courage, 11. Firm-footed, unsleeping-, (sleeping only) for a third part of the day and of the night, quick to rise up from bed, ever awake; And a protecting, virtuous offspring, able to rule countries and assemblies of men, well growing up, good, freeing us from the pangs (of hell), endowed with a good intellect, that may increase my house, my borough, my town, my country, my empire.
12. Give me, O Atar, son of Ahura Mazda! however unworthy I am \ now and for ever, a seat in the bright, all-happy, blissful abode of the holy Ones.
May I obtain the good reward, a good renown ^, and long cheerfulness for my soul^!
13. Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda, lifts up his voice to all those for whom he cooks their evening meal and their morning meal*. From all those he wishes a good offering, a beneficent offering, an offering of assistance, O Spitama!
14. Atar looks at the hands of all those who pass by: ' What does the friend bring to his friend? What does he who comes and goes bring to him ^ who stays motionless?'
We sacrifice unto Atar, the valiant warrior ^.
15. And if the passer-by brings him wood holily brought, or bundles of baresma holily tied up, or 1 Ya mk afras(2ungh£zu angha/: ya me abhut ayogyata (Sansk. transl.).
2 Here. ^ Above. * Khshafnim, suirim (Etudes Iraniennes, II, 161).
® Atar.
^ 'Bodily he is infirm (ar me j-t, motionless); spiritually he is a warrior' (Pahl. Comm.).
twigs of Hadhanaepata\ then Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda, well pleased with him and not angry, and fed as required, will thus bless him: 1 6, 'May herds of oxen grow for thee, and increase of sons; may thy mind be master of its vow, may thy soul be master of its vow, and mayest thou live on in the joy of the soul all the nights of thy life.'
This is the blessing which Atar speaks unto him who brings him dry wood, well-examined by the light of the day, well-cleansed with godly intent ^.
17. Yatha ah(i vairyo: The will of the Lord is the law of holiness...I bless the sacrifice and prayer, and the strength and vigour of Atar, the son of Ahura Mazda ^...AshemVohu: Holiness is the best of all good...18^. We gladden by our virtue thy mighty Fire, O Ahura! thy most quick and powerful Fire, who shows his assistance^ to him who has ever comforted him, but delights in taking vengeance with his hands on the man who has harmed him.
^ See Vend. p. 94, note i. ^ From Yasna XXXIV, 4.
* 'In the var nirang' (Pahl. Comm.), that is to say, in the fire ordeal; see above, p. 1 70, note 3.
INDEX TO THE VENDIDAD, VOLUME IV; AND TO THE SIROZAHS, YA5TS, AND NYAYI5, VOLUME xxin.
The references in small Roman numerals are to the Introduction to the Vendidad; those preceded by II are to this volume; the others are to the Vendidad.
Aal, fairy, page xciii. n 4.
Aban Nyayij, II, 356-357, Aban Yajt, II, 52-84.
Abajta, xxx. n r.
Abortion, 175.
Adar, god, II, 7, 15. See Atar. Adarana, II, 288. Adarapra, fire, II, 7. n 2. See Adar Froba. Adarbad Mahraspandan, man, xxxiii, Adar Farnbag, fire, II, 7. n 2. Adar Froba, fire, II, 294. n 2, 298.
n I. See Adarapra. Adar Gushasp, fire, II, 294. n 2. See Gushasp. Adhutav«u, mount, II, 289. Adityas, Ix.
Adukani, month, II, loi. n i. Aeshma, demon, Ixvii, 136, 141, n 3, Aeta, man, II, 217. Aethrapaiti, 45.
Afrin Paighambar, II, 324-328. Agastya, man, II, 224. n 2.
Aghraeratha, man, Ixxvi; II, 114, Agriculture, 28.
Ahum-stij^, man, II, 203.
Ahuna, man, II, 288.
Ahuna Vairya, prayer, Ixix, Ixxviii, serves as a weapon, II, 275.
Ahura Mazda, god, Iviii, Ixi; 4 (his creations), 207; 208 (his Fra- 21-34 (Ormazd Yajt); 57 (sacrifices to Ardvi Sura Anahita); 86, seq.; 250 (sacrifices to Vayu), Ahuranis, 140. n 2. Aipivanghu, II, 222,303. See Apiveh. Aipivohu, II, 303. Airix-rasp Ausposinan, II, 216. n 6.
Ve^. Airyu, II, 62. n 2, 222, 226. n 6. Aiwi^farenah, man, II, 214. Akatasha, demon, 136, 218. Akayadha, man, II, 219. Akem Mano, demon, Ixxii; II, 297, Akhnangha, man, 11, 217, Akhrura, man, II, 223.
Akht, sorcerer, II, 72. n 5.
Akhtya, sorcerer, II, 73, Alborz, mount, 225; II, 97. n 6, 122. Hara Berezaiti.
Alexander, man, xxxii.
Alexander eschata, land, II, 123. n4.
Amereta/, god, Ix, Ixxi; II, 5, 31, 36, Amru, bird, II, 210.
Amuyamna, genius, II, 164. n 2.
Anahata, goddess, II, 53.
AnahW, goddess, II, 195. n 2.
Anahita, goddess, Iv. See Ardvi Sura.
^AvaiTis, goddess, II, 53.
Anaperetha, c.
Anashavan, Ixxiv.
Anastareta, genius, II, 164. n 2.
Anghuyu, II, 215.
Angra Mainyu, demon, Ivi, Ixii, 4 (his counter-creations), 24, 142- 143 (expelled), 204-207 (tempts Zarathujtra), 217-218 (in des- (a part of Vayu belongs to him); 252, 292 (turned to a horse), 255; 274 (dismayed by the birth 317 (mocks the souls of the wicked in hell), 338, 340.
Animals, Ixxiii; five classes of, II, 182.
Awkata, mount, II, 218.
Anquetil Duperron, xiv.
Awtare-danghu, mount, II, 288.
Anthesterion, month, II, 192. n i.
Aodhas, II, 173.
Aoighimatastira, man, II, 218.
Aoshnara, man, II, 221.
Apagadha, 224.
Apakhshira, land, II, 219.
Apaosha, demon, Ixiii; II, 92, 99, Aparavidya, II, 4. n 5. Apiveh, king, II, 222. n 4. See Aipivanghu. Arabian sea, II, 146. n 4. Aras, river, xlix, 3. Arasti, man, II, 203. n i. Aravaojtra, man, II, 218. Araxes, river, 3. Ard, goddess, II, 270. n i. See Ashi Vanguhi. Ardashir, king, xxxv; II, 237. n 3. Ardavan, king, xxxv; II, 237. n 3. Arda Viraf, man, 166. n 2; II, 267.
Ardibehijt, god. See Asha Vahijta. Ardijvang, goddess, II, 270. n i.
See Ashi Vanguhi. Ardvi Sura Anahita, goddess, 78; Aredvi, measure, 16. Are^angha«/, man, II, 212. Are^aona, man, II, 214.
Arezahi, region, 216; II, 123, 136, Arnavaz, woman, II, 62. n 2. Arsacides, xxxiii. Arshya, man, II, 209. Arjta/, genius, II, 6,9, 15, 17, 19, 36, 285 (AjtadYajt). SeeA^tad. Arjti, genius, II, 166. Arjva«/, man, II, 210.
Artaxerxes, xliv, Iv; II, 53.
Arum, country, II, 287. n 8. See Arzah, region, II, 210. n 2, 220. n i. Arzur, mount, II, 287. n 7. Arzur bum, mount, II, 287, n 8. Asabana, man. See Kara Asabana, Vara Asabana. Asabani, woman, II, 225. Asan bi'SLnwant, man, II, 203. Asaya, man, II, 288. Ascendant (Uparata^), genius, II, 6, Asha, Ixx.
Ashahura, man, II, 212. n 2. Ashanemah, man, II, 219. Ashasairyas, man, II, 213. Ashasaredha, man, II, 213. Ashasavah, man, II, 214. Ashashagahai-e Hvandai^n, II, 210.
Ashajkyaothna, man, II, 212. Asha-stembana, mount, II, 288. Ashastu, man, II, 209. Asha Vahijta, god, Ix, Ixxii, 207; II, Ashavanghu, man, II, 210. Ashavazdah, son of Pourudhakhjti, Ashavazdah, son of Sayuzdri, II, 71, Ashem-yahmai-ujta, man, II, 216. Ashem-yewhe-rao^<7U, man, II, 215. Ashi Vanguhi, goddess, Ixx; II, 11, Aspahe ajtra, xcvi. n 3.
Aspendyarji's translation, ci.
Aspo-padho-makh^ti, man, II, 214.
Assaults, xcvi, 39-44.
Assyrian Sirozah, II, 3.
Ajta-aurva«/, man, II, 279.
Ajtad Yait, II, 283-285.
Ajti, measure, 159.
Asura, Iviii, Ixxv. Atare, god, Ixii, Ixv, 180; II, 5, 8, Atropatene, land, xlviii. See Adarbi^an. Aturpjit, man, II, 329. n 2. See Adarbad. Aurvasara, man, II, 256. Aurvatai-nar, man, II, 204. n i. See See Lohrasp. Ausindom, river, II, ioi.n5, 104.
n 3. See Us-hi«du. Avahya, man, II, 217. Avaoirijta, 39, 40. Avaraojtri, man, II, 208. Avarcgrtu, man, II, 218. Avarethrabah, man, II, 209. Avesta, lii. n 2. Meaning of the word, ^xxx. See Abajta and Zand Avasta. Aws-danva, lake, II, 301.
Ayehi, demon, 228.
Ayoasti, man, II, 211.
Ayuta, man, II, 215.
Azata, man, II, 209.
Azerekhsh, xlix.
Azi, demon, Ixv, 194.
Azi Dahaka, demon, Ixii, Ixv, 2, 9, See Dahak.
Babylon, land, II, 60. n 3, 253. n 3. Bactra, land, 2, 6. n 4; II, 204. n 3. Bactria (Zoroaster in), xlvii. Bad, woman, II, 226. n i. Bad, day, II, 92. Badghes, land, II, 288. n i. Baeshatastira, man, II, 218. Bahman, day, II, 88. Bahman, god. See Vohu-mano. Bahram fire, Ixxxix, 60. n 2, 62. n 2, Bahram, god. See Verethraghna. Bahram Yajt, II, 231-248. Bakhdhi, land, 2, 6. Bamian, land, II, 95. n 3. Bang of Zoroaster and Gujtasp, II, Barana, mount, II, 289. Barashnum, xciv. n 7,26.n i,63.n i,